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学术研究与论文撰写 张 辉 《外语研究》编辑部 1. 什么是学术研究? One way of thinking about the research is with reference to the so-called research wheel. The wheel metaphor suggests that research is not linear but a recursive cycle of steps that are repeated over time. 所谓学术是指系统和专门的学问，是有较深厚的实践基础和一定的理论体系的知识（金坤林.2008. 如何撰写和发表SCI 期刊论文.科学出版社）。 2. 理论框架的重要性:举例说明 Constructing conceptual metaphor theory This theory was discovered from the observation of linguistic phenomena. LOVE IS A JOURNEY Look how far we’ve come. We are at a crossroads This relationship is a dead-end street We’re just spinning our wheels Our marriage is on the rocks. We’ll have to go our separate way It’s a long, bumpy road. IDEAS ARE FOOD. All this paper has in it are raw facts, half-baked ideas. There are too many facts for me to digest them all. I just can’t swallow that claim. She devoured the book. An ARGUMENT IS WAR. Your claims are indefensible He attacked every weak point in my argument. You disagree? Okay, shoot! If you use that strategy, he will wipe you out. Conceptual metaphor is a set of mapping from source domain to target domain. Source: JOURNEY Target: LOVE The travelers the lovers The vehicle the love relationship The journey events in the relation The distance covered the progress made The obstacle the difficulties The destination the goal of relation The basic purpose of modern scientific research is theory. 现代科学研究的基本目的是构建理论。 3. From Theory to Data The Idiomatic Activation-Set put forth by Langlotz (2006) is a model designed to adapt the linguistic phenomenon of idioms to the enterprise of Cognitive Linguistics and capture the intricate cognitive architecture of meaning construction and grammatical organization in idiom comprehension. In accordance with Langacker’s view of grammatical composition, the idiomatic constructions are “a compl