非谓语动词.docVIP

非谓语动词 非谓语动词解题一般思路： 1.分析句子成分，看“_____”上要填谓语还是非谓语 2.看“_____”上要填的非谓语动词与相关的名或代词的逻辑关系（先找逻辑主语定主/被动；再找谓语动词定动作发生时间） 形态 主动关系 被动关系 动词不定式（to do） 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词和动名词(doing) 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词(done) done （1）一般式：表示与主句谓语动词动作同时（或几乎同时）发生或在主句谓语动词之后发生的事情。 We’re happy to have you on our side. 有你在我们这边我们很高兴。 Standing on the top of the mountain,I found the school is very beautiful. （2）进行式：表示主句谓语的动作发生时，动作正在进行。 She’s said /believed to be living nearby. 据说/据信她就住在附近。 （3）完成式：表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情。（先于谓语发生） I’m glad to have met your parents here. 我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母。（已见过） Having finished my homework, I went home immediately.（已完成） （4）过去分词：被动或过去,时间上无先后 Seen from the mountain , the school is very beautiful. 二、非谓语动词的句法功能名称 主语 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 定语 状语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ 现在分词 √ √ √ √ 过去分词 √ √ √ √ 、不定式作用法要点Lying is wrong.（泛指lyingTo lie is wrong.（对于说谎者是谁，说话人心中是有所指的）To live in Beijing is the height of Tom’s ambition.（对某个特定的动作执行者而言）Swimming is good exercise.（指游泳这项运动） Its no good eating too much fat. Its no good for you to eat so much fat. Seeing is believing. To teach is to learn. 二、位置： 1、直接放在句首； 如：Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 To live is to work. 生活就是工作。 2、采用it作形式主语，而把动名词结构或不定式结构后置： (1)、It+be+形容人的形容词+of sb to do sth. 如：It is kind of him to help us. (2)、It+be+形容物的形容词+for sb to do sth. 如：It is hard for us to learn English well. (3)、It+be+important，necessary，possible，impossible，essential+t+be+interesting，tiring，terribleenjoyable,worthwhile,useless,dangerous+doing sth. 如：It is dangerous risking climbling a tree. It is worthwhile taking part in the match. (5)、It+be + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...) +doing sth. 如：It is no use talking o him again. It is a waste of time trying to explain to him. 动名词、不定式作用法要点一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下列小诗： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 Decide / determine, learn, want, e