模糊综合评价法在巢湖市饮用水水源保护区水质评价中的应用.docVIP

模糊综合评价法在巢湖市饮用水水源保护区水质评价中的应用 陶涛，孙世群 （1. 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院，安徽 合肥230009） 摘要：本文将模糊综合评价应用到巢湖市饮用水水源保护区的水质评价中，通过确定所选取因子的权重和隶属度，对该保护区4个监测断面的不同时期水质进行综合评价，评价结果表明：该保护区水质状况不容乐观，8月水质相对较差，主要污染因子为氮、COD和高锰酸盐。 同时，将模糊评价结果与单因子评价结果进行对比，体现了单因子评价法在确定水质级别中的从严性，而模糊评价法能有效地解决水质级别划定时的亦此亦彼性，能为制定水域的环保政策和规划提供合理、科学的理论依据。 关键词：水源保护区；水质评价；模糊综合评价法；单因子评价； Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method Apply in the Drinking Water Source Protection Zone Water Quality in Chaohu City Tao Tao1, Sun Shiqun1, Jiang Dongdong1, Fang Hongwei1 (1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China) Abstract: The mothod of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was applied in water quality assessment of drinking water source protection in the city of Chaohu in this paper. We have evaluated comprehensively water quality in different times of 4 monitoring sections in the protected zone by weights and membership of factor we determined and selected. Evaluation results showed that the water quality of protected area is not optimstic, the water quality in August is relatively poor which mostly polluted factors are nitrogen, COD and permanganate. Comparing the result of fuzzy evaluation with the single-factor evaluation’s, the single-factor evaluaiton was reflected preciseness in determining the level of water. However the fuzzy evaluation can effectively resolve 亦此亦彼性 as delimiting the water level, and it can provide a reasonable and scientific theoretical basis when laying down enviromental policy and programming for water area. Key words: source protection zones；water quality assessment; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; single factor evaluation 0 引言 饮用水水源地的保护是关系国计民生的重大问题，关系到亿万百姓的健康和饮水安全，其水质状况受到社会各界越来越多的关注[1]。在实际工作中，常采用单因子指数法进行水质评价，其能很好的突出影响水质的主要污染因子，体现了单因子否决权，但应用单因子评价法经常会遇到亦此亦彼的模糊概念。而模糊综合评价法用隶属函数剖析水质分类界限，有效克服了评价过程中可能出现的不确定性，保证了评价结果的准确及客观性[2-3]。 1 模糊综合评价法概述 综合评价，就是对受多种因素影响的事物或现象进行总体的评价，在评价的过程中如果涉及到模糊现象或模糊概念，就称之为模糊综合评价。模糊综合评价首先要进行单因子模糊评价，然后对所有因子进行综合评价。 1.1建立评价对象的