(油茶籽油论文油茶籽油水酶法制取工艺研究.docVIP

油茶籽油论文：油茶籽油水酶法制取工艺研究 【中文摘要】本文采用水酶法提油技术从油茶籽中提取油茶籽油,通过多级筛选对油茶籽油水酶法制取的最适酶及酶组合进行了筛选、采用响应面分析法对油茶籽油水酶法制取工艺进行了优化、使用透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了水酶法制油过程中油茶籽仁细胞形态结构的动态变化、并对油茶籽油水酶法制取工艺中的重要步骤—破乳进行了初步研究,以期为油茶籽油的综合开发和精深加工提供新的途径。研究了酶的种类及不同的酶组合对提油率的影响,并筛选了油茶籽油水酶法提取的最佳水解酶。结果显示,单一酶中Alcalase 2.4L蛋白酶具有较好的提油效果,提油率达到90.48%,而通过多级筛选试验获得的最佳多酶组合方案为依序使用果胶酶、纤维素酶和Alcalase 2.4L蛋白酶对料液进行酶解,提油率可达91.40%。综合分析,在油茶籽油的水酶法提取中选用Alcalase 2.4L蛋白酶作为水解酶是适宜的。选定Alcalase 2.4 L蛋白酶作为水解酶,研究了不同酶解工艺条件对提油率的影响,并通过响应面分析对工艺条件进行了优化,获得最优工艺条件为:酶用量2%(20ml/ kg),酶解温度61.5℃,酶解时间4h,酶解pH9.4,固液比1:7,粉碎度80目,经验证,在该条件下油茶籽油的水酶法提油率可达到91.24%。使用透射和扫描电子显微镜观察了经水酶法提油前后的油茶籽仁细胞内部及表面形态结构的变化,证实油茶籽仁细胞内油脂体呈离散状分布,并从形态学的角度证实:Alcalase 2.4L碱性蛋白酶能有效降解油茶籽仁细胞的细胞壁并释放包括油脂在内的细胞内容物,其作用过程是一个动态的降解过程。使用水酶法提油技术提取油茶籽油的过程中,如何实现破乳非常关键。本文研究了乳化液的化学组成以及适宜的破乳条件,研究发现,使用浓度为30%的乙醇,在离心转速为12000rpm、离心时间为20min的条件下能有效实现破乳,经验证,在该条件下清油得率可达到88%。 【英文摘要】An aqueous enzymatic extraction technology was adopted to extract oil from Oil-tea camellia seed. In order to provide a new way for Comprehensive utilization and deep processing of Camellia oleifera Abel., the best enzymes and enzyme complex formulas on oil yield were investigated by multi-level optimization procedure, the optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were gained based on response surface methodology, the mechanism of aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil-tea camellia seed oil was investigated by using TEM and SEM, the suitable demulsification methods which was the key step of aqueous enzymatic extraction of Oil-tea camellia seed oil were studied too.The influences of different enzymes and enzyme complex formulas on oil yield were investigated. The result showed that Alcalase 2.4L was the best single enzyme with the highest oil yield of 90.48%. The best enzyme complex formula was composed by pectinase, cellulase and Alcalase 2.4L , which was gained by multi-level optimization procedure. The oil yield efficiency could reach to 91.40% when this enzyme complex formula was used in sequence. By comprehensive consideration, we choose Alca