[论影响我国宪政建设的主要因素.docVIP

论影响我国宪政建设的主要因素 专业 法学 作者 倪文英 指导老师 罗建文 摘要：中国已跨入21世纪,在全面建设法治社会的同时，宪政作为一个基本概念已被提到制度层面，在促进我国的法治建设方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。国家需要的不仅仅是一部良好的宪法，更需要将宪法精神和宪法规范付诸于实践。宪政建设是保障人权、加强权力的制约与平衡以及实现政治文明的直接推动力。严格地说，中国宪政是西风东渐的产物。中国在选择宪政发展道路时除了要直面各种社会危机和民族复兴的问题外，作为一个后发性宪政国家还面临着对各种先发性宪政发展模式进行鉴别和甄选的困难。我国传统的政治、经济和文化因素构成了我国宪政建设的整个背景，其残余的固定思维模式仍对当今中国的宪政建设起着一定程度的制约作用。在社会主义前提下，在中国特殊的政治、经济、文化条件下，如何设计宪政的发展目标、发展方略和发展模式以及将宪政因素纳入中华文化本土资源使之协调发展是一个极具挑战的现实问题。因此，选择适合中国国情的宪政发展道路无疑具有重要的意义。 关键词：宪政；政治文明； 宪政文明 ；市民社会 Basic Issues on Chinese Constructing of Constitutionalism Major Law Author Ni Wen-ying Advisor Luo Jian-wen Abstract: China has stepped into 21th Century . When it is constructing law-ruled society, the building of constitutionalism has been brought up as a whole concept. It plays an important role in promoting it. What our country need is not only a good constitution, but to put the constitutional spirit and rule into practice. Constitutional building is a direct power in protecting human rights, strengthening power’s restriction and balance, and realizing political civilization. Strictly speaking, constitutionalism in China is the result of culture from the West. As a late-happened constitutionalism country, China has to face not only the difficulties of identifying and choosing developing models, but to societal crisis and national recovery. The issues of politics, economy and culture in traditional society have consisted the whole background of Chinese constitutionalism, and the remained fixed thinking model still restricts the constructing of constitutionalism in China. Under the socialist condition—the special conditions of politics, economy and culture, how to design constitutional developing goal, plan and model and to absorb it into Chinese culture is a challenging problem. Consequently, it is important to choose a suitable way to develop constitutionalism in China. Keywords: Constitutionalism; Political civilization; Constitutional civilization; civil society 前 言 我国的宪政建设深受传统文化的影响，从1954年宪