四、同位语从句的译法.docVIP

?四、同位语从句的译法 ?同位语是用来进一步解释名词或代词的，同位语可以是单词、短语也可以是从句。科技英语中，同位语从句也是常见的一种从句。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以用关系代词what, which, who, 关系副词when, where, why, how或whether(if)引导。常被同位语从句解释和说明的名词主要有fact, thought, theory , idea, hope, news, doubt, conclusion, question, problem, evidence, certainty，belief, rumor, mystery, suggestion, order, answer, decision, discovery, explanation, information, knowledge, law, opinion ,principle, truth, promise report, statement ,message, saying ,rule等。同位语从句的译法主要有以下几种情况： ?（一）译成独立句 ?有时可以把同位语从句译为一个独立的句子，这时其前可以增译“即”字，或采用冒号或破折号。较长的同位语从句汉译时常常采用此法。如： ?Einstein came to the conclusion that the maximum speed possible in the universe is that of light. ?爱因斯坦得出这样的结论，即宇宙中的最大速度是光速。 ?There is few to support the view that in a highly efficient transit operation almost every vehicle should be capable of running almost every service. ?很少有人赞成这样的观点，即在高效的交通运输作业中，几乎每一种机动车都应能够完成几乎所有的服务功能。 ?Putting two and two together, he came to the conclusion that mechanical energy is different from electrical energy. ?他根据事实推断出一个结论：机械能不同于电能。 ?We come to the conclusion that recognizable differences exist today between marine and nonmarine forms. ?我们所得出的结论是：在今天，海洋生物的形态和非海洋生物的形态之间存在着明显的差别。 ?Copernicus challenged what had until then been the most natural of ideas: that our Earth was the center of the universe. ?哥白尼向直到那时被认为是最天经地义的观念——地球处于宇宙中心——提出挑战。 ?And there was the possibility that a small electrical spark might accidentally bypass the most carefully planned circuit. ?而且总有这种可能性—一个小小的电火花，可能会意外得绕过了最为精心设计的线路。 ?有时为了修辞需要，也可以把同位语从句译成独立的句子，置于句首。如： ?The principle that gas can function while expanding has been applied to the steam engine. ?气体在膨胀时能做工，这一原理已应用于蒸汽机上。 ? ?Translate by yourself: ?1．We are all familiar with the fact that nothing in nature will either start or stop moving by itself. ?2．At the end of last century, an important discovery was made, that everything was partly built of electrons. ?3．In 1905 Einstein worked out a theory that matter and energy were not completely different things. ?4．There