Chapter3American History(I)(1600-1900)Chapter3American History(I)(1600-1900).docVIP

　　了解美国自1660年至1900年的历史，其中包括对美洲大陆的发现，殖民时期，独立战争，新国家的形成，1812年第二次反英战争，领土扩张和西进，南北战争以及南北战争后资本主义的发展。 　　1.The discovery of the New World　　2.Causes for the colonization of the New World　　3.The original 13 colonies　　4.The American War of Independence and its significance　　5.The establishment of a federal form of government　　6.The War of 1812 and its impace on the development of the U.S.　　7.The consequences of territorial expansion and the westward movement　　8.The American Civil War and its impact on the development of the U.S.　　9.Rapid growth of capitalism after the Civil War Discovery of The New World 　 The first Americans 　　 The first Americans were the Indians, who, according to the scientists, crossed from Asia on land that once connected Siberia and Alaska and first arrived in what is now the United States about 30,000 or 40,000 years ago. 　　 The Indians made a living on the land by hunting, gathering, fishing and farming. 　 Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci 　　 In 1492,Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator, sailed across the vast ocean and discovered an unknown new continent, but he mistook it for India. 　　 Another navigator, Amerigo Vespucci, proved that the land reached by Columbus was not India, but a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after him. The Colonial Period 　 The original 13 colonies 　　 The first English colony in the Continent was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. 　　 Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13 colonies along the east coast of North America. They were Virginia, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Georgia. 　 Causes for the Colonization of the New World 　　 Opportunity in the New World was appealing to people from all walks of life, which offered them a chance to live a better life than they could hope for in the Old World. 　　 To get religious freedom was the other reason for many set