有关湖泊磷污染的学年论文.docVIP

从太湖水华事件看湖泊的磷污染现状 王湉湉 (天津科技大学海洋学院 环境科学) 摘要：太湖水华事件给无锡人民、经济甚至是社会带来了无法预料的冲击，让我们彻底认识到湖泊污染带来的严重后果。水华和水体富营养化都是严重的水体污染，会造成饮水用水困难等严重后果。造成水华的重要因素是湖泊富营养化，而湖泊磷污染是造成上述现象的元凶之一。控制和治理湖泊的磷污染，主要要从控制内源性磷的释放和控制外源性磷的输入两方面入手。湿地处理技术是治理磷污染的一种有效途径。湿地对磷的去除是通过微生物的去除、植物的吸收和填料床的物理化学等几方面的协调作用共同完成的。传统的处理磷污染的工艺需要耗费能源资源，还会造成二次污染。治理磷污染还存在很多问题，如设备不完善、缺乏统一规划管理、舆论和监督力度薄弱等。我们应该研究新技术，以符合可持续发展这一世界性的主题。 关键词：水华；富营养化；磷污染；湿地处理技术 Abstract：Taihu Lake water blooms event to the people of Wuxi, economic and even social impact brought unforeseen, so we thoroughly recognize the serious consequences of lake pollution. Water blooms and eutrophication are both serious water pollution, can cause difficulties in drinking and using water .An important factor in the formation of water blooms is eutrophication of lakes. To control and manage phosphorus pollution of lake is mainly to control the release of phosphorus and phosphorus inputs. Lake pollution is one of the reason causing the above phenomena. Wetland treatment technology is a effective control measure to treat lake phosphorus pollution. Phosphorus removal of wetland is through the microbial removal, the absorption of plant and packed bed chemical and physical aspects of harmonious action do together. The traditional processing phosphorus pollution process takes energy resources, still can cause secondary pollution. Governance phosphorus pollution has many problems, such as equipment are not perfect, lack of uniform planning management, public opinion and supervising of weak, etc. We should study the new technology, accord with sustainable development to the world theme. Key Words：water blooms；Eutrophication；Phosphorus pollution；Wetland treatment technology 太湖是我国第三大淡水湖， 它不仅是旅游胜地，也是流域内大中城市的重要水源，同时兼有航运、灌溉、养殖等多种功能。近年来，随着太湖地区经济的迅速发展，环境保护和治理措施相对滞后，入湖主要河道和湖区的水质污染日益严重，特别是水体的富营养化， 巳成为太湖水环境的主要问题。太湖富营养化明显，磷、氮营养过剩，20世纪80年代末主要污染物总磷、总氮属严重超标，局部汞化物和COD含量超标。 从20世纪60年代到80年代初，太湖蓝藻水华时有出现，但规模较小，持续时间也较短。而从90年代开始，太湖蓝藻水华几乎年年爆发，且有持续时间增长、影响水域范围扩大的趋势，后果日趋严重。 无锡太湖水污染事件的爆发，给当地居民生活带来诸多困扰，造