安徽省2011届高考英语一轮复习资料 语法探究——主谓一致课件 北师大版.pptVIP

语 法 探 究 (1) 　 主谓一致 句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。主语的人称，特别是主语的数是决定谓语形式的关键。除第一人称I和第二人称you之外，单数主语之后的谓语动词用单数形式；复数主语之后的谓语动词用复数形式。在历届高考中考点分布： 1．用and连接两个并列成分； 2．介词with伴随主语； 3．就近原则； 4．各种代词的主谓一致； 5．短语和从句作主语； 6．定语从句中的主谓一致。 一、名词作主语的数的问题 1．在下列情况下，名词作主语时谓语动词用单数： (1)可数名词单数；不可数名词；表示量的词当整体概念。 (2)表示时间、距离、金钱、度量、容量、书名等整体概念的名词作主语时。 Twenty years represents a long period of her life. (3)the number of＋复数名词作主语时。 The number of the students who took part in the competition was 500，but only a small number of them were chosen. (4)集合名词当整体概念讲时。 His family is going to move. (5)动名词(短语)、不定式、从句作主语时。 Collecting newspapers and clocks is what I enjoy most. 2．在下列情况下，名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数：复数名词作主语；集合名词表示个体时。 At last ten people were killed in the cash. Her family are waiting for him. 二、分数/不定量词作主语时数的问题 1．分数和百分数不能直接跟名词或代词，而是后跟“of＋冠词/限定词＋名词/代词”，其后的谓语动词与后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 Two－fifths of the money was spent on books. 2．“a great many/a large number of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a great deal of/a large amount of/a large sum of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“a good (great) many ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 A large amount of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many schools have been set up. 3．“a large quantity of ＋ 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词的数保持一致。“large quantities of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help have been offered since the organization was set up. 4．“a/an ＋单数名词＋ and a half” 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“one and a half＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。 A year and a half has passed. 5．“more than one ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“more＋名词复数＋than one”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。 More than one person was absent. 三、连接词与主谓一致 1．由and连接的名词作主语 (1)and连接的两个名词作主语，表示不同的人或事，谓语动词用复数；指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。 What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students. The famous writer and poet was invited to give a talk. (2)由no...and no...，each...and each...，many a．..and many a．..等构成复合主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the classroom. 2．主语部分含有as well as，ra