Chemical Bonding I Lewis Theory化学我刘易斯理.PPTVIP

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Chemical Bonding I Lewis Theory化学我刘易斯理.PPT

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Draw an electron-dot structure for CH2O. 4 + 2(1) + 6 = 12 valence electrons Step 3: Step 1: Step 2: H C O H H C O H Step 5: H C O H H C O H Kim Shih Electron-Dot Structures and Resonance Draw an electron-dot structure for O3. Step 1: 3(6) = 18 valence electrons Step 2: O O O O O O Step 3: Step 4: O O O Step 5: O O O Step 6: O O O Move a lone pair from this oxygen? Or, move a lone pair from this oxygen? Resonance O O O Kim Shih Exercise Kim Shih Draw Lewis Structures of the Following CO2 SeOF2 NO2? H3PO4 SO32? P2H4 Kim Shih CO2 SeOF2 NO2? H3PO4 SO32? P2H4 Lewis Structures 16 e? 26 e? 18 e? 26 e? 32 e? 14 e? Kim Shih Formal Charges Formal Charge # of valence e- in free atom - 2 1 - # of nonbonding e- # of bonding e- = Calculate the formal charge on each atom in O3. O O O 6 - (2) - 6 = -1 1 2 6 - (4) - 4 = 0 1 2 6 - (6) - 2 = +1 1 2 Better structures have smaller formal charges Better structures have the negative formal charge on the more electronegative atom Kim Shih Kim Shih What are the formal charges for the following structure? Which structure is the most stable structure? # of valence e- # of nonbonding e- ? bonding e- 6 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5 6 0 2 4 0 4 2 0 6 [ O C N ] .. : .. : [ O C N ] .. : : .. [ O C N ] .. : : .. 1 4 3 2 4 2 3 4 1 Formal Charge -1 0 0 0 0 -1 1 0 -2 O has stronger electronegativity then C and N The first structure is more stable. Kim Shih Exercise Kim Shih N N O .. : : .. N N O .. : : .. N N O .. : : .. What are the formal charges for the following structure? Which structure is the most stable structure? a. b. c. Resonance Lewis theory localizes the electrons between the atoms that are bonding together Extensions of Lewis theory suggest that there is some d