ㄧ个文化共频现象的观察和思考论平埔族音乐与 .docVIP

Observation and Speculation on the Phenomenon of Cultural Entrainment --Discussing the Relationship Between the Music of Pinpo Groups and their neighboring groups Wu Rung-Shun Professor, Taipei National University of the Arts Abstract According to the classification of Ethnic groups, the Taiwanese Pinpo groups consist of nine or ten Ethnic groups. Nevertheless, nowadays the groups which still preserve musical phenomena of their own can be mentioned only Sao, Pazeh, Kavalan and Siraya. Apart from these four groups, the musical culture of other Pinpo groups has been assimilated by Han culture since long time ago. However, even though the musical traits of these four groups exist distinctively, the phenomena of acculturation, culturation, enculturation and adaptation between powerful groups and weak groups in the same Kulturkreis can still be traced evidently. The music of these four groups is either influenced by the absolutely powerful Han groups Fulao, or Hakka or acculturated by a relatively powerful Austronesian group. First of all, the population of Sao living around Sun Moon Lake of Nanto is enlarged through the acts of marriage, especially with the neighboring Bunun group take bakha. As a result, the adaptation of Bunun music into the musical system of Sao appears frequently. Secondly, Pazah group of Puli is surrounded by the powerful culture of Fulao groups, and eventually, their musical system incorporates many elements of Hulao music. Thirdly, Kavalan group ,which immigrated from YiLan to Hwalian, lives among the culture of Amis group, hence half of their music is borrowed and arranged from Amis music. Finally, among all the Pinpo groups, the music of Siraya groups in southern and eastern Taiwan is acculturated by Fulao culture to the most extent. The musical tradition of a group is passed on mostly through the acts of inheriting and borrowing. The mechanism of borrowing can be described as the interaction between two or more than two ethnic groups.