高中语法虚拟语气必备教案.docVIP

英语动词有四种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、疑问语气和虚拟语气。 定义：虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义。虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 一、 条件句中的虚拟语气 1.条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一 种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 将来 动词过去式 be用were should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 would / should / might / could + 动词原形 现在 动词过去式 be用 were would / should / might / could + 动词原形 过去 had +动词过去分词 would / should / might / could have + 动 词过去分词 If I won the lottery now, I would buy an expensive car. 与现在事实相反 2 If he had hurried, he could have caught the train. 与过去事实相反 3 If I were to go abroad , I would go to America. 与将来事实相 省略if 的虚拟条件句当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时， if可省略，而were, should, had等词置于句首。如： but for, with, without, otherwise, but, or等。But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work. If it had not been for your help,…… 2. I might have given your more help, but I was too busy. 3. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the meeting. 4. The change could not have take place without the open policy. 5. Without sunlight, or water or air, there would be no life on the earth. 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1．英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, insist 坚决要求 , order, propose, urge, request, recommend, require, suggest 建议 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为： should + 原形动词。如：The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。 The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 党要求我们要全心全意地为人民服务。 但是，当insist的意思为：坚决认为，坚持说；suggest的意思为：表明， 暗含，暗示等时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。如： Tom insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch. 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。 His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。insist， 二命令order, command, 三建议suggest, advise, propose, 四要求ask, demand, request, require, + recommend, urge, desire. 2. 在as if, as though 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟语气相同。与现在情况相反，从句用过去式；与过去情况相反，从句用had+过去分词；与将来情况相反，从句用would/could/might+动词原形。 He speaks English as though he were an American. She talked about it again and again as if she would ne