1-2_翻译课件.pptVIP

A COURSE OF TRANSLATION * [ENTER] Vivila Zhang 1.What is translation? 1.1 Translation is a skill. 例 He drank himself out of the best lines. 例 The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it. Definition of translation 语言学派的定义：强调翻译是一种语言活动，追求的是等值、等效。 Translation is the faithful representation in one language of what is written or spoken in another language. (把一种语言表达出来的东西用另一种语言准确而完整的表达出来。) （范存忠：“漫谈翻译”《翻译理论与技巧》中国对外翻译出版公司，1985，p.80） 1.2 Translation is an art. Shall we encounter each other in this season of romance? 文艺学派的定义：强调翻译是艺术活动，追求的是再创造 翻译是美化之艺术。（许渊冲，2001：46－59） 文学翻译不是一种语言活动，更是一种文学活动。（爱德蒙.加里 Edmond Gray,1986,p.6）… 1.3 德国译学教授 Wolfram Wilss 在The Science of Translation：Problems Methods一书中说： Translation is not simply a matter of seeking other words with similar meaning, but of finding appropriate ways of saying things in another language. Translating is always meaning-based, i.e. it is the transfer of meaning instead of form from the source language to the target language.（翻译不只是在另一种语言中寻找意义相似的其他词语，而是寻找表达事物的适当方式。翻译始终立足于语义，也就是说，是语义从源语到译语的转换，而不是形式。） 2. Classification of translation In terms of what to be translated intralingua translation (语内翻译) interlingual translation (语际翻译) intersemiotic translation( 符际翻译) 3.翻译原则简介 中国几位翻译家的理论（influential translation principles） 严复：信达雅—faithfulness/expressiveness/elegance. The “three character guide” is regarded as a plumb-line of long standing to measure the professional level of translating. 傅雷：神似—spiritual conformity。Emphasizing the reproduction of the spirit of the flavor of the original. 强调原作神韵再现。 钱钟书：化境—sublimed adaptation. Focus on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader. 刘重德：信、达、切—faithfulness / expressiveness / closeness. 中国翻译史上的论争 鲁迅：宁信而不顺---rather to be faithful than smooth。 目的：引入英文句式的表达法 梁实秋、赵景深：宁顺而不信---rather to be smooth than faithful 目的：可读性强，便于交流。 4. Criteria for translation learners:. faithfulness (忠实) , smoothness（