第四讲如何进行判断和推理HowtoMakeJudgmentsand.pptVIP

在四级考试阅读理解项目中的某些文章里，作者并没有把需要读者理解的所有意思都直截了当地表达出来，而是期待着读者能够领悟文章的内在含义，即从字里行间来体会作者想表达的意思。由于有的意思文章中没有直接说明，因此，考生必须具备根据文章中所陈述内容的逻辑发展、上下文的连贯、以及文章中有关部分的暗示、等等，作出正确判断和推理的能力。 * 第四讲：如何进行判断和推理How to Make Judgments and Inferences 一、常见的提问方式。 1. The writer (author, passage) implies (suggests) that . 2. It can be inferred from the passage that . 3. An inference which may not be made from this passage is . 4. It can be concluded from the passage that . 5. We may conclude from reading the passage that . 6. The passage is intended to . 7. The paragraph preceding (following) this one would most likely (probably) state (discuss, deal with) . 8. Which of the following can be readily inferred  from the passage? 9. What does the author conclude about …? 10. Where would this paragraph most probably (likely) appear (be found)? 二、判断 在阅读理解中，有时要求考生对文章中阐述的事实或细节按照逻辑发展的规律，进行分析和概括，并以此为依据得出结论。这个过程就是“判断”。为了对所读的材料作出正确的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，考生必须仔细地阅读，准确地掌握事实，避免被字面的意思所迷惑，通过对字里行间的意思的理解，进行正确的分析和判断。 Example 1: The male and female mosquitoes make an odd couple. The female is a vampire and lives on blood. The male is a vegetarian that sips nectar and plant juices. Females of different species choose different hosts on which to dine. Some feed exclusively on cattle, horses, birds, and other warm-blooded creatures. Some favor cold-blooded animals. Still others prefer man. While the female’s menu varies, her bite remains the same. She drives her sharp tubular(管状的) snout through the skin, injects a fluid to keep the blood from thickening, and drinks her fill, which takes a minute or less. It is the fluid she injects that carries disease. After her blood meal, she rests while her eggs develop. She then looks for a moist or flooded place to lay them. What can you infer from the passage? A.Man should keep male mosquitoes and exterminate female mosquitoe