换热器摘要.doc

摘 要 换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体，实现化工生产过程中热量交换和传递不可缺少的设备。 本文以固定管板式管式换热器为研究对象，在查阅国内外众多文献的基础上，对换热器的发展、背景、分类和用途进行了探索和研究，以气气换热器的设计过程为主线，结构设计为主体，全面介绍换热器的设计全过程。本文主要以循环水和氯乙烷为介质，按实际设计步骤依次进行热工计算、结构设计和强度设计，并画出换热器的CAD结构图。主要研究内容如下： （1）对换热器的发展、分类、材料和运用进行阐述，了解换热器的基本构造和基本原理。 （2）通过查阅换热器设计相关标准得出的数据，对U形管式换热器的进行设计，具体分为换热器的热工计算，结构计算和强度计算。 （3）换热器的外部设计包括它的筒体的设计、封头的设计、管箱和换热器支座的设计。 （4）换热器的内部设计包括：它的换热管的尺寸、固定管板的厚度以及折流挡板的尺寸。 除了上述以外，换热器的研究内容还应包括它的压力容器法兰、管法兰、开孔与补强、接管处的零部件，还有它的附件、各个开孔处的应力校核等等。 本文是在压力容器设计应用分类方法的基础上，查阅换热器设计相关标准，在此加以研究和分析得出换热器的设计数据，并作出CAD图，对我们了解换热器的设计流程和作用有了更深刻了解。 关键词： 换热器 压力容器 固定管板式 ABSTRACT Heat exchanger is part of the essential equipments, which transfer thermal fluid heat to thecold fluid in the chemical production process, to achieve heat exchange and transmission. In this paper, fixed heat exchanger was used as the research object, and the development, background, classification, use, exploration and research of the heat exchanger was discussed on the basis of referring to much literature home and abroad. The comprehensive description of the whole process design of heat exchanger was discussed, using the heat exchanger design process as the main line and the structural design as the main body. In this paper, HCl mixture was used as the medium, according to the actual design procedure followed by the calculation of thermal engineering, structural design and strength design, and also heat exchanger CAD chart was drown at last. Main research contents are as follows: 1 The development, classification, materials, and the use of the heat exchange was elaborated to understand the basic structure and basic principles of the heat exchanger. 2 The fixed heat exchanger design was divided into the calculation, structural calculation and strength calculation on the data obtained by referring to the heat exchanger design-related standards. 3 The external heat exchanger design included the design of its cylinder, head, tube boxes and supports. 4 The interior design of heat exchanger inc