基于复杂背景下绝缘子的识别讲述.docx

西安工程大学本科毕业设计（论文） PAGE \* MERGEFORMATVII 摘 要 由于输电线路长期在恶劣的自然环境下运行，加上长期机械负荷和强电场的因素，会使绝缘子产生故障，所以要对输电线路进行定期巡检。然而因为架设的输电线路需要经过山川河流等许多的复杂地形，人工检测的难度非常大。当前，输电线路的巡检已经普遍采用直升机实行数据采集，但是怎样从冗杂的数据中检测出输电线路中各部件的故障是目前研究工作的要点。 本篇论文的主要目的是研究航拍输电线路图像中绝缘子部件的分割与识别，这也正是绝缘子故障检测的基础工作，并且可以直接用于直升机航拍巡检图像中绝缘子部件的提取。该方法首先将RGB色彩空间分为三个单独通道，并选用B通道进行分割，然后采用sobel算子边缘检测法对图像进行分割处理，接着用形态学滤波的方法滤除噪声，再用连通区域标记的方法将分割出的绝缘子串进行标记，最后采用基于面积的特征提取方法完整地将绝缘子提取出。 经过实验表明，本文的方法能够有效的识别并提取出目标绝缘子图像，但是由于航拍图像中复杂的背景干扰以及航拍角度等外在因素的干扰，就会给目标的提取带来一定的困难，所以还需要对提取方法加以研究和改进。 关键词：数字图像处理，图像去噪，绝缘子提取，连通区域标记，形态学滤波，特征提取 ABSTRACT Due to the transmission line running for a long time in your bad natural environment, and factors such as the mechanical load and strong electric field for a long time, can make the malfunction of the insulator so need regular checking on transmission lines. But due to the laying of the transmission line passes through mountains and rivers and many other complex terrain, and the difficulty of manual inspection. At present, the inspection of the transmission line has been widely used in helicopter for data collection, and how to detect from multifarious data for the parts of the transmission line fault is the focus of current research. In this paper, the main work is to study the aerial transmission line insulator in image segmentation and recognition, it is also the foundation of fault identification, can be used for the extraction of image from a helicopter aerial inspection insulator images. This method first of all, the RGB color space is divided into three separate channels, and selects the B channel segmentation. And then apply sobel edge operator method for image segmentation, then, with morphological filtering method to filter out noise. To use the method of the connected area will split out the insulator string, finally adopts the method of feature extraction is complete to pick out the insulator. After Halcon experiment simulation software, the method can effectively from complex background images full of