地方院校重点学科分布 修改稿.docVIP

地方院校国家重点学科分析712100） 摘 要：以教育部（教研函[2007]4号）公布的第三批重点学科为依据，并参考2011年增补的国家重点学科，对我国大陆地方高校重点学科进行了首位分析和重要指数分析。结果表明：①有20个省市区的重点学科首位院校为该省“211工程”重点建设大学个省市区的重点学科首位院校不是该省“211工程”重点建设大学1 Urban Construction Department of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China; 3 College of resource and environment Northwest AF University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China） Abstract: Based on the third batch of key disciplines announced by the Ministry of Education at the end of 2007, and plused the new key disciplines added in 2011, we analyzed the primacy ratio and importance index of local universities of the mainland. The results showed that, as to national key discipline, there were 20 provinces whose primary university is 211 key university; while other 6 provinces whose primary university is not 211 key university; which means that 211 key universities have no obvious advantage in the number of national key disciplines. In competing first level key discipline, local universities were at a disadvantage, who owned only 0.52% of total; and local 211 universities behaved inferior to other local universities in getting first level key discipline. However, compared to the universities under the guidance of the ministries, in competing second level key discipline, local universities also in inferior position, only own 13.0% of the total. On the national key discipline, there is still a huge gap between every province. In summary, in discipline construction, local universities still have a long way to go. Key Words: Local Universities; National Key Disciplines; Primacy Ratio; Importance Index 国家重点学科（以下简称“重点学科”），是中华人民共和国教育部在中国大陆的高等院校中，对有博士学位授予权的二级学科进行详细考核后，择优确定并计划安排重点建设的学科是国家根据发展战略与重大需求，而择优确定并重点建设的培养创新人才、开展科学研究的重要基地，在高等教育学科体系中居于骨干和引领地位[1]。高等学校的管理体制和布局调整实行中央与地方共建、以地方管理为主院校，含中央与地方共建、以地方管理为主的院校。不含中央部委直属院校军事院校；统计的重点学科含一级学科覆盖的二级学科。医学类三级学科合并为二级学科计算，如内科学（传染病，肾病，心血管病），作为一个重点学科计入国家重点（培育）学科以0.5倍的权重计入如某校含有2个国家重点（培育）学科，则以1个重点学科计入。Jeferson，1939) …………………………………………（1） 式（1）中：D为首位院校重点学科的首位度； P