英语语言学试题B卷.doc

英语语言学试题B卷Define the following linguistic terms: (2%×10=20%) 1) government: It is a type of control over the form of some words by other words in certain syntactic constructions. 　 2) exocentric construction: It is an construction whose distribution is not functionally equivalent to any of its constituents. 　 3) complementary antonym: It is a form of antonym that the assertion of one means the denial of the other, or vice versa. 　 4) perlocutionary force: It is an act which is performed by means of a locutionary act. 　 5) applied linguistics: It is a discipline that links the theories of linguistics with the practice of foreign language teaching. 　 6) allophone: Variants of a phoneme are called its allophones. 　 7) bound morpheme: The morphemes that do not occur alone. 　 8) interlanguage: It is formed when the learner attempts to learn a new language, and it has features of both the first language and the second language but is neither. 　 9) arbitrariness: The forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning. 10)?assimilation: A process by which one sound takes on some or all the characteristics of a neighboring sound. II. Translation (0.5%×20=10%) 　 Translate the following terms into Chinese: (0.5%×10=5%) 　 1) lateral??边音? 　2) linguistic determinism?语言决定论???????3)anthropological linguistics?人类语言学????4) locutionary act发话行为　　 5) transformation??转换??? 　???6) co-hyponym同下义词? 　　7) context of situation情景语境　8) allomorph语素变体　　???9) theme主位　　 10) primary stress主重音 　 Translate the following terms into English: (0.5%×10=5%) 　 11) 语篇功能textual function???????????? 12) 意义潜势meaning potential?????????????????? 13) 直接成分分析法immediate component analysis14) 最大节首辅音原则maximal onset principle15) 聚合关系paradigmatic relation ??16) 音位规则phonological structure??????????? 17) 前缀prefix? 18) 语境context???　　19) 皮钦语洋泾浜语pidgin????????? 　20) 历时语言学historical linguistics III. Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the