毕业论文（设计）基于AT89C51单片机倒车防撞报警系统设计3说明书.docVIP

基于单片机的倒车防撞预警系统设计和实现 摘 要 如今，拥有汽车的人越来越多，随之带来的交通隐患也越来越大，本文所设 计的超声波汽车倒车探测器正是考虑安全方面的问题。 本文详细介绍了一种基于单片机的脉冲反射式超声测距系统。文中首先阐述了超声传感器的原理及特性；对于测距系统的超声波频率、信号脉冲、器件型号等主要参数进行了讨论；在介绍了超声测距各模块功能的基础上，提出了系统的总体构成并对测距系统发射、接收、检测、显示及报报警部分的硬件设计方案进行了论证。根据系统要求采用模块化的编程思路完成系统的算法设计，实现超声发射和距离显示功能。最后通过软硬件的综合调试实现短距离超声测距系统的基本功能。 在本次设计中，最关健的部份是硬件电路和软件设计，所以本文对这两个部份做了比较详尽的介绍。 其中硬件电路包括滤波电路、放大电路和整形电路。滤波电路的作用是滤掉一些噪声；因为超声波传感器是通过振动产生电流的，所产生的电流非常微弱，所以我们需要放大电路；而单片机只接收方波，所以要对放大的电流进行整波，这样单片机就可以正常工作了。 软件部份本文采用汇编语言编程，使用单片机的中断和计时功能，可以方便的实现所设想的功能。 关健词：超声波；传感器。 Creating and Using Custom LonMaker ABSTRACT Human who now, has the automobile are getting more and more, brings the transportation hidden danger along with it to be also getting bigger and bigger, this article designs the ultrasonic wave automobile back-draft detector is precisely considers the security aspect the question. This article introduced one kind in detail based on monolithic integrated circuits pulse reflection type supersonic range measuring system. In the article first elaborated the supersonic sensors principle and the characteristic; Regarding range measuring systems supersonic wave frequency, the signal pulse, the component model and so on main parameter has carried on the discussion; In introduced in the supersonic range finder various modules functions foundation, proposed systems overall constitution and to the range measuring system launch, the receive, the examination, the demonstration and the newspaper warning parts hardware design plan has carried on the proof. Requests according to the system to use modular the programming mentality to complete systems algorithm design, realizes the supersonic launch and the range-amplitude display function. Finally realizes the short distance supersonic range measuring systems basic function through software and hardwares synthesis debugging. In this design, the most key part is the hardware circuit and the software design, therefore this article has made the quite exhaustive introduction to these