国际支付与结算1概述.docVIP

第一讲 1、What is International settlements? International settlements: are financial （金融的）activities, in which funds（资金、现金） are transferred from （从···调动）one country to another in order to settle accounts账户, debts债权, claims债务, etc. Types of型态 international settlements： trade settlements贸易结算: visible trade有形贸易 Non-trade settlements: ①Invisible trade（无形贸易）: transportation运输, insurance保险, etc. Financial transaction金融业务：foreign exchange market transactions外汇市场交易, international lending国际贷款, etc. others：overseas remittances侨汇 Evolution of International Settlements (1) cash settlement→ non-cash settlement (2) settlements against goods → settlements against documents (3) direct payment made between international traders → payment effected through banks (4)international settlements are combined with trade financing Exchange settlement From settlements against goods to settlements against documents settlements against goods settlements against documents ①industry specialization：shipping industry, insurance industry ②documents：bill of lading, insurance policy From direct payment made between international traders to payment effected through banks ①Settlements by banks: safe, speedy international settlements are combined联合 with trade financing贸易融资 ①Backgrounds背景： Development of Science Technology O/A (open account)and methods of payment on commercial credit 商业信用are used more and more widely The seller needs more money in international trade ②New types of international payment methods： International Factoring Forfaiting Research Objects of International Settlements (1) instruments: bill of exchange, promissory, check (2) methods of International Settlements： Remittance, collection, letter of credit (3) documents under international settlements： Invoice, transport documents, insurance documents, certificate of origin, etc. (4) Methods associated with banks’ guarantee: factoring, bank guarantee, forfaiting, etc. Characteristics of International Sett