3种植物枝条生力学特性的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 本文对 3a～4a 生的柠条 （Caragana microphylla Lam.）、白沙蒿 （Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch.）和沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.）枝条进行了轴向 拉伸试验和悬臂梁模拟试验，研究了 3 种植物枝条抗拉特性和抗弯特性。得到以下结 论： 3 种植物枝条的抗拉力与直径呈幂函数正相关。在直径 1mm～5.14mm 范围内，相 同径级时3 种植物枝条的抗拉力大小为柠条白沙蒿沙棘；直径为 1.5mm 时，柠条、 白沙蒿和沙棘的抗拉力分别为 106.01N、91.77N 和 40.01N。加载速度和枝长对 3 种 植物枝条的抗拉强度没有显著影响。 3 种植物枝条的抗弯力与直径是多项式增大的关系。柠条枝条的抗弯力大于白沙 蒿和沙棘，在直径为 1.35mm～4.15mm 时，白沙蒿枝条的抗弯力大于沙棘。3 种植物 枝条的抗弯强度均与直径幂函数负相关。加载速度对 3 种植物枝条的抗弯强度没有显 著影响。3 种植物枝条的抗弯强度均随枝条长度的增加而增大。 生长季初期，在直径范围为 1.78mm-3.05mm 时，柠条的枝叶连接力占其抗拉力的 1.20%-4.92%。 关键词：植物枝条；抗拉力；抗拉强度；抗弯力；抗弯强度 Study on Biomechanical Characteristics of 3 Kinds of Plants’ Branches Abstract Tensile and bending characteristics of Caragana microphylla Lam., Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. were measured by axial tensile test and cantilever beam simulation test. Those plants were 3 to 4 years old. Conclusions were as follows: The anti-tension of 3 kinds of branches with diameter showed a positive power function. In diameter of 1mm to 5.14mm scope, 3 kinds of branches with the same diameter are compared, anti-tension strength of Caragana microphylla Lam. Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch. Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. Diameter of 1.5mm, anti-tension strength of Caragana microphylla Lam., Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn were 106.01N、91.77N and 40.01N 。Loading speed and the length of the branches is non significant for tensile strength of 3 kinds of branches. Bending force of Caragana microphylla Lam., Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. branches with diameter shows a positive power function. Bending force of Caragana microphylla Lam.was large