DNA, RNA, Protein Structure Prediction.pptVIP

DNA, RNA, Protein Structure Prediction Laura Pombo Laboratory of Computational Engineering Helsinki University of Technology INTRODUCTION: Bioinformatics DNA RNA Proteins BIOINFORMATICS Bioinformatics involves the integration of computers, software tools, and databases in an effort to address biological questions. Bioinformatics approaches are often used for major initiatives that generate large data sets. Two important large-scale activities that use bioinformatics are genomics and proteomics. Genomics refers to the analysis of genomes. A genome can be thought of as the complete set of DNA sequences that codes for the hereditary material that is passed on from generation to generation. Thus, genomics refers to the sequencing and analysis of all of these genomic entities, including genes and transcripts, in an organism. Bioinformatics, continue … Proteomics, on the other hand, refers to the analysis of the complete set of proteins or proteome. In addition to genomics and proteomics, there are many more areas of biology where bioinformatics is being applied (i.e., metabolomics, transcriptomics). Each of these important areas in bioinformatics aims to understand complex biological systems. Many scientists today refer to the next wave in bioinformatics as systems biology, an approach to tackle new and complex biological questions. Systems biology involves the integration of genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics information to create a whole system view of a biological entity. Bioinformatics http://www.bioinformatics.ubc.ca/ Central Dogma DNA RNA Protein DNA to RNA Portions of DNA Sequence Are Transcribed into RNA The first step of a cell is to copy a particular portion of its DNA nucleotide sequence ( =gene) Similarities: DNA and RNA is a linear polymer made of four different types of nucleotide subunits linked together by phosphodiester bonds DNA and RNA contains the bases adenine (A), guanine (G) and cytosine (C) Dif