LINDA NULL版计算机组成原理课后答案第一章.pdfVIP

The Essentials of Computer Organization and Architecture Linda Null and Julia Lobur Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2003 Chapter 1 Instructors Manual ______________________________________________________________________________ Chapter Objectives Chapter 1, the Introduction, provides a historical overview of computing in general, pointing out the many milestones in the development of computing systems, and allowing the reader to visualize how we arrived at the current state of computing. This chapter introduces the necessary concepts for the journey through the book, including the necessary terminology, the basic components in a computer system, the various logical levels of a computer system, and the von Neumann computer model. It provides a high-level view of the computer system, as well as the motivation and necessary concepts for further study. Lectures should focus on the following points: Computer organization versus computer architecture. Understanding both of these concepts leads to a deeper understanding of computers and computation in general. Main components of a computer. It is important that readers understand both the components and how they work together. Principle of equivalence of hardware and software. Software and hardware are equivalent, but it is important to understand which is more appropriate in given situations. Computer jargon. Common terms, including the common prefixes, are useful for further reading. A look inside a computer. A discussion of what is really inside the Black Box helps to put the newly learned terms into context. Standards organizations. Common guidelines for hardware have resulted in specifications, and understanding these standards is important to the overall understanding of computer architecture. Historical development. It is diffic