不动产论文不动产租赁中的权利冲突研究.docVIP

不动产论文：不动产租赁中的权利冲突研究 【中文摘要】不动产租赁是不动产利用的一种重要方式,不动产租赁权是一项重要的财产权利。不动产租赁是租赁的最初形态,其繁荣发展使得不动产这一重要生产要素的流通变得更加容易。正因其关系到重要生产要素配置,因而对于国计民生有着重大利害关系,牵涉到社会利益问题。在各国不动产租赁制度的变迁历程中,可以清楚地看到这一点。但由于我国法律对不动产租赁制度规定过于简单,现有的法律本身又存在许多冲突,在很长一段时间内,学术界忽略了对不动产租赁的关注,影响了对不动产的利用。不动产租赁所涉及的法律关系比较复杂,对经济生活的作用也极为重要,如果不对其权利冲突问题进行解决,将严重影响人们对不动产的利用。不动产租赁,是以不动产为客体的租赁。对不动产租赁权性质究竟是债权还是物权的争论,理论界从未停止过。虽然不动产租赁权的产生是基于不动产租赁契约,但其权利的基本属性与用益物权相同,在性质上应属于物权。为了维持租赁关系的稳定,我国立法规定了“买卖不破租赁”的原则,但我国目前并不承认不动产租赁权是物权,这使得不动产利用过程中,当事人无法运用物权公示的方法来保护交易的安全。实践中不动产租赁权与其他权利冲突的情形时有发生。权利冲突是指两个或者两个以上在法律上均能找到根据的权利,由于法律对它们之间的权利边界界定不明确,存在模糊性,导致最终只能实现其中的一个,或者是实现各自的一部分,引起权利之间的不和谐、矛盾状态。权利冲突从本质上讲是一种利益上的相互冲突,其形成原因是权利边界的模糊性与人类经验的有限性所致。不动产租赁中权利冲突的表现主要有不动产租赁权与不动产买受人权利之间的冲突、租赁权与抵押权实现的冲突、承租人优先购买权与善意第三人权利的冲突、承租人优先购买权与共有人优先购买权的冲突。不动产租赁中权利冲突的解决方式,主要通过两个途径解决,从立法途径角度讲,一是通过将不动产租赁权纳入用益物权体系,承认不动产租赁权的物权地位;二是完善不动产登记法律制度,建立统一的不动产登记法,利用物权公示方法来解决相应的权利冲突。在法律得到完善之前司法途径是解决权利冲突的一个重要补充。 【英文摘要】A society of law needs a universal and logically conforming law and on the basis of its rules, people can rationally predict the consequences of their own behaviors and establish an inevitable connection between the behaviors and their consequences. Only by doing this can people develop a faith in law and believe that their behaviors will get the rational and expected results as long as they conduct them through the law, so as to make their aims come true. The leasehold of real property is a very important property right as well as an important way of availing themselves of their real properties, especially in socialist China which exerts a public ownership of means of production. However, due to the fact that the present Chinese laws concerning the leasehold of real properties are too simple and that there are many conflicts in the present laws and the lack of attention on their research in the academic circle, there are very serious conflicts of rights in the legal relationships of leasehold of real properties which influences the use of real properties. The leasehold of real prop