甘蓝型油菜小孢子胚状体发生的细胞学观察.pdfVIP

武汉植物学研究980302 武汉植物学研究 JOURNAL OF WUHAN BOTANICAL RESEARCH 1998年 第3期　No3　1998 甘蓝型油菜小孢子胚状体发生 的细胞学观察 余凤群　傅爱汝　刘后利 提　要　应用甘蓝型油菜DH系保604为材料研究小孢子胚发生过程，结果表明,在小孢 子离体培养1～5 d内,随培养天数增加,小孢子的存活率迅速下降。部分小孢子培养后出 现细胞膨大和分裂,并沿2-细胞、“丁”形3-细胞、多细胞原胚、胚柄球形胚、心形胚 最终发育成鱼雷形胚。一般在心形胚阶段,胚柄脱离胚主体部分游离到培养基中。大多 数膨大的细胞不能分裂或分裂后停止发育或发育异常。 关键词　甘蓝型油菜，小孢子培养，胚状体发生 THE CYTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF MICROSPORE EMBRYOGENESIS IN BRASSICA NAPUS Yu Fengqun　Fu Airu　Liu Houli (Department of Agronomy,Huazhong Agricultural University　Wuhan 　430070) Abstract　The cytological observation of microspore embryogenesi s of Brassica napus DH line Bao 604 has been shown that microspo res survival rate decreased rapidly as days of culture increased in 1～5 days cul ture.The microspores with embryogenesis swelt apparenty after 2～3 days culture.S ome of the swollen microspores began to divide into 2-cell, 3-cell with “丁”shaped,multicellular proembryos in order,which further developed into globular with attached suspensor,hearted,and torpdo embryoids successively .Ge- •nerally,the attached suspensor was divorced from the main part of the e mbryoid into li- •quid medium during the hearted-shaped embryoid.The divisio n did not appear in most of the swollen cells, or after some of cells began to d ivide for one to several times,they ceased development. Key words　Brassica napus, Microspore culture, Embryogen esis 　　游离小孢子培养是获得油菜单倍体的重要途径。研究油菜小孢子培养技术及其应 用,国内外已有许多报道〔1〕 。但就小孢子胚早期发生过程及游离小孢子培养后的细胞 形态观察却报道不多。通过研究甘蓝型油菜游离小孢子培养后的细胞形态变化及胚状 体发生过程, 将为进一步提高油菜小孢子胚产量奠定细胞学基础,并将有助于丰富植物 万方数据 file:///E|/qk/whzwxyj/980302.htm（第 1／7 页）2010-3-23 9:56:02 武汉植物学研究980302 体细胞胚胎学的内容。 　　 1　材料与方法 1.1　选材与种植 　　选用华中农业大学作物遗传育种研究所油菜研究室筛选和培育的易成胚甘蓝型油