辽粳系列水稻品种选育及其主要产量性状的研究.pdfVIP

辽粳系列水稻品种选育及主要产量性状研究 邵国军韩 勇丁 芬王先俱 陈亚君张城 商文奇 辽宁省水稻研究所，沈阳 110101 摘要：回顾了辽粳系列品种选育过程，并对8个具有代表性的辽梗系列品种开展了品种特性研究，总结了辽粳系列品种的育种实 践与品种特性。研究表明：辽宁省水稻研究所育种工作者通过采用以高产、优质、多抗、广适为育种目标，以理想株型与杂种优势 利用相结合、优化性状组配为指导，以“扩大遗传背景、扩大变异范围，提高后代结实率、提高后代选择效率”为原则的技术路线， 以籼粳杂交后代的理想株型材料为桥梁种质，当地主栽品种为骨干亲本，采用多元复合杂交技术，结合多点生态选择、联合抗性 鉴定和南北异地穿梭育种等方法，选出一系列粳稻新品种。辽粳系列水稻品种大体上表现出了随时代发展而增产的趋势，品种由 穗数型向穗重型逐渐变化，一次枝梗数多，成穗率提高。 关键词：水稻；辽粳系列；选育；产量性状 中图分类号：S511.2.2;S503 文献标识码：A BreedingandMainYieldCharactersofRiceVarieties ofLiaojingSeries SHAOGuo-iunHANYongDINGFenWANGXian-jü CHENYa-jun ZHANGChengSHANGWen-qi LiaoningRiceResearchInstitute,Shenyang110101,China Abstract:WestudiedthebreedingpracticesandthemainyieldcharactersofLiaojingricevarieties.Welookedbackonthe processofLiaojingricevarietiesbreeding.ThecharactersofLiaojingricevarietieswereanalyzedwith8typicalvarieties.The breedingrouteforLiaojingricevarietiesisaimedathighyield,soodquality,multipleresistanceandwideadaptation,withthe combinationbetweenidealplanttypeandadvancedheterosisaswellasoptimizedcomponents,andthroughenrichinggenetic backgrounds,broadeningmutation,enhancingkernelsettingofoffspringandpromotingoffspringselectioneffect.Thepractical charactersfordevelopingLiaojingricevarietiesweretakingidealplanttypematerialsfromindicaandjaponicariceasbridge, andlocalvarietiesplantedinlargeareaaseliteparents,applyingmulti-compositecrossingtechniques,combiningmulti-location ecologicalselection,unitedresistanceassessment,andshuttlebreedingatdifferentlocationsbetweenthesouthandnorthtobreed newjaponicaricevarieties.Ingeneral,theyieldofthevarietiesofLiaojingseriesincreasedwithtime.Thevarietieschanged frompaniclenumbertypetopanicleweighttype.Thenewvarietieshadmoreprimaryraehisbranchesandhigherproductive paniclerate. Keywords:OryzasativaL.;Liaojingr