并行计算期末试题-文管.docVIP

并行计算期末试题 适用专业：文管类 考试说明：将试卷答案以学号命名为word文件，如115062101.doc，上传到03/upload。 一、简述题（每小题5分，共40分）。 1、简述openmp编译制导指令master,single,critical,atomic的功能。 2、简述openmp编译制导子句shared,private的功能？ 3、简述openmp函数omp_set_num_threads，omp_get_num_threads，omp_get_thread_num的功能；环境变量OMP_NUM_THREADS的功能。 4、简述MPI点对点通信与MPI集合通信的区别。 5、简述并行计算机的三种内存架构。 6、什么是并行计算？ 7、什么是OpenMP? 8、什么是MPI? 二、与并行计算相关的名词术语翻译（英译汉，每小题1分，共20分）。 1、Task 2、Parallel Task 3、Serial Execution 4、Parallel Execution 5、Pipelining 6、Shared Memory 7、Symmetric Multi-Processor (SMP) 8、Distributed Memory 9、Communications 10、Synchronization 11、Granularity 12、Observed Speedup 13、Parallel Overhead 14、Massively Parallel 15、Embarrassingly Parallel 16、Scalability 17、Multi-core Processors 18、Cluster Computing 19、Supercomputing / High Performance Computing 20、Cloud computing 三、翻译（每小题10分，共40分） 1、OpenMP uses the fork-join model of parallel execution: All OpenMP programs begin as a single process: the master thread. The master thread executes sequentially until the first parallel region construct is encountered. FORK: the master thread then creates a team of parallel threads. The statements in the program that are enclosed by the parallel region construct are then executed in parallel among the various team threads. JOIN: When the team threads complete the statements in the parallel region construct, they synchronize and terminate, leaving only the master thread. The number of parallel regions and the threads that comprise them are arbitrary. 2、von Neumann Architecture ?Named after the Hungarian mathematician John von Neumann who first authored the general requirements for an electronic computer in his 1945 papers. ?Since then, virtually all computers have followed this basic design, differing from earlier computers which were programmed through hard wiring. von Neumann architecture Comprised of four main components: ?Memory ?Control Unit ?Arithmetic Logic Unit ?Input/Output 3、Flynns Classical Taxonomy ?There are different ways to cla