浅论晚唐诗人的历史情结-毕业论文.doc

中文摘要 怀念历史、感伤历史，表达对盛世的追慕与现实的苦闷，似乎是每 个末代王朝的诗人们共同的心绪，处于唐王朝末期的晚唐诗人们也不例 外。但是，与前朝诗人相比，晚唐诗人们的历史情结显得尤为浓郁而独 特，这不仅表现在晚唐突然出现的大量咏史诗中，而且也表现在其它诸 如怀古、酬赠、送别等类诗中。晚唐诗人们在这大量历史题材的诗歌创 作中，集中展现了怀念盛世、以史为鉴、思考宇宙人生以及纯粹咏史等 历史意识，为我们了解晚唐诗人进取与退避交织、失望与希望并存、执 著与厌世共生的矛盾心态与感伤苦闷的情绪提供了丰富而真切的史料。 晚唐诗人浓郁而独特的历史情结是在晚唐特定的时代背景与诗人坎 坷艰险的生活经历中孕育而成的。晚唐科场腐败、黑暗动荡、残破不堪 的社会状况使得晚唐诗人无法实现自身价值，不由得怀念起往昔盛世的 繁华安逸，而内心深处强烈的使命感与责任感又驱使诗人更多地选择鉴 古知今的方式，企图挽救岌岌可危的唐王朝。在社会的动乱、世事的无 常中，晚唐诗人又多思考宇宙人生，感受人类生存意义幻灭的悲哀，流 露出不预政治、逃离现实的心理倾向。在三教并存，尤其是晚唐佛道兴 盛，儒学衰微却依旧深刻影响着文人心态的文化环境中，晚唐诗人的历 史情结还包蕴了深厚的思想文化内涵。 晚唐诗人历史题材的诗歌创作，在现实针对性、社会心理的反映、 对咏史艺术的贡献以及对通俗文学的影响等四个方面有着重要的价值与 意义。本文由晚唐突然出现的大量咏史诗得到启发，进而对晚唐各类诗 作中反映出的晚唐诗人历史意识进行归纳分析，探讨其历史情结深层次 的成因与内涵，为窥探晚唐社会心理提供了一个独特的视角。 关键词：晚唐诗人  历史意识  成因  内涵  意义 Abstract It seems a common feeling for poets in every last dynasties to yearn for history, recall history with emotion, express the pursuit of flourishing age and depression to reality, no exception for poets in the Late Tang Dynasty. However, comparing to the poets in former dynasties, the historical complex of Late Tang poets was especially strong and special. It was not only existed in lots of history commenting poems appearing suddenly in the Late Tang Dynasty, but also existed in other poems such as history memorizing poems, presenting poems and farewell poems. In these history poems, the Late Tang poets showed various historic awareness including yearning the flourishing age, taking history as guidance, thinking universe and life, purely praising history and so on. These historic awareness offered plentiful and real materials for us to know the paradoxical and depressed feeling of poets in the Late Tang  Dynasty,  which  interplaited  enterprise  and  retreat, disappointment and hope, persistence and world-weariness. The strong and special historical complex of Late Tang poets was formed in the certain background and the poets’ rough life experience. The poets couldn’t achieve their value in the Late Tang society which was dark, turbulent, dila