颅脑肿瘤的诊断和治疗英文培训课件.pptVIP

Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Tumors Brain Tumors A brain tumor is a mass of unnecessary, and abnormal, cells growing in the brain. Tumors may be benign, malignant, arise from within the brain, its coverings, or metastasize from another location in the body Neurologic Diagnosis Where is it? Signs and Symptoms What is it? Tempo Types of Tumors Benign Meningeal - covering of brain Nerve lining Pituitary Bone/Cartilage Malignant Primary CNS Metastatic Incidence 186,000 diagnosed in 2002 in USA 36,400 primary (12.73/100,000) 150,000 metastatic (10-15% of cancer) Prevalence (primary) benign - 100/100,000 malignant - 30/100,000 Statistics Second most common malignancy of childhood, most common solid tumor Second leading cause of cancer related deaths in males age 20-40 Fifth leading cause of cancer related deaths in women age 20-40 Cerebrum and Cerebellum Cranial Nerves -- Base Generalized symptoms and sign = Symptoms of increased intracrainal pressure mechanism Increased Intracranial Pressure Headache Headaches are a common initial symptom. Typical brain tumor headaches are often described as worse in the morning, with improvement gradually during the day. They may rouse the person from sleep. Sometimes, upon awakening, the person vomits then feels better. These headaches may worsen with coughing, exercise, or with a change in position such as bending or kneeling. They also do not typically respond to the usual headache remedies. Nausea/Vomiting Lethargy Mental and/or Personality Changes These can range from problems with memory (especially short-term memory), speech, communication and/or concentration changes to severe intellectual problems and confusion. Changes in behavior, temperament and personality may also occur, depending where the tumor is located. These changes can be caused by the tumor itself, by increased pressure within the skull caused by the presence of the tumor, or by involvement of the parts of the brain that control perso