关联理论观照下的财经评论翻译——以Bailout Nation的汉译为例.pdf

摘要 财经评论兼具新闻与论说文体的特征，语言严格谨慎同时又不乏幽默诙谐的表 达，这一丰富性的语言特征给翻译造成了巨大困难。复杂长句、陌生文化词、西式幽 默是主要翻译难点。以往的翻译理论多针对翻译行为 （translational behavior ），其研 究范畴多为语段本身或语段产生的过程。然而翻译要面对的是一个复杂系统，言者的 认知环境、读者的认知环境、译文的媒介等因素细微的变化都会造成翻译选择的差异。 因此针对翻译行为的翻译理论往往会陷入解释力不足的困境。 而关联理论是针对认知过程的翻译理论，它从能力而非行为的角度看待交际，将 意义视为变量，认为翻译是一个推理过程，基本论点是通过控制处理努力（processing efforts ）获取足够的语境效果 （contextual effects ），从而获得最佳关联性 （optimal relevance ）的译文。译者在翻译中的任务就是要判断言者与译者的认知环境，选取能 实现最佳关联性的表达。这一理论充分认识到翻译选择的复杂性是因为语境是动态变 化的，因此具有极强的解释力。 本文详述了在财经评论的翻译实践中在关联理论的指导下，如何通过采用重构、 语用补偿、归化的翻译策略和方法处理翻译难点，为翻译财经评论等语言特征复杂的 文体提供指导。 关键词：财经评论 关联理论 重构 语用补偿 归化 ii Abstract Financial reviews share the features of journalistic and argumentative writings and are often rich in humorous expressions, whose language diversity makes it difficult to translate, with complex sentences, culture-bound words and humors posing the main challenges. Existing translation theories are mainly dealing with translational behavior, deeming text or the producing of text as the subject of their study. However most of the time, translating is a process incorporating a very complex system, during which even the slightest change in factors such as the cognitive environment of the utterer, the listener or the media of the translated text might cause differences in translation. Thus translation theories dealing with translational behavior often lack explanatory power. Relevance theory is a translation theory which deals with cognitive process, in which context, communication is analyzed from the angle of competence instead of behavior and translation is considered as a cognitive inference process and meaning as a variable. It believes that translation is a process in which translators, based on their understanding of the cognitive