上海郊区水稻田氮素渗漏流失特性及控制策略.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2005,25(5)：558~562 China Environmental Science 上海郊区水稻田氮素渗漏流失特性及控制对策 1,3 2* 1 邱卫国 ,唐 浩 ,王 超 (1.河海大学水文水资源及环境学院,江苏 南京 210098；2.上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200233 ；3.上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海 201101) 摘要：通过2002 年测坑定位试验,对上海郊区黄浦江上游水稻田氮素渗漏流失特性及其污染控制对策进行了系统研究.结果表明,稻田氮素 渗漏流失以NO - + - 3 -N 为主,渗漏水中NH4 -N 浓度一般为0.19~2.83mg/L;受稻前旱作(草莓)的影响,水稻生长前期渗漏水中NO3 -N 的含量高 - 达 30~50mg/L, 到了稻作后半期,NO3 -N 的含量下降到较低水平,约为 2~3mg/L;整个稻作期(截止到 9 月 20 日)TN 的渗漏流失量为 2 - 2 22.65~30.57kg/hm ,其中NO3 -N 为18.59~24.90kg/hm ,平均为总流失量的82.64%;使用有机肥替代化肥可减少稻田氮素渗漏流失量,在化肥 用量减少20%~30% 的情况下,氮素渗漏流失量可以减少 19.43%~25.91%. 关键词：稻田；氮素；渗漏流失；控制技术；面源污染 中图分类号：X171.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2005)05-0558-05 The characters of N-element leakage and countermeasures in rice fields in Shanghai suburb. QIU Wei-guo 1,3, TANG 2* 1 Hao , WANG Chao (1.School of Water Resource and Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China； 2.Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China；3.School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201101, China). China Environmental Science, 2005,25(5)：558~562 Abstract：Through the leaching-pond experiment, the characters of N-element and countermeasures in rice fields in the upstream area of Huangpu River in Shanghai suburb were studied systematically in 2002. N-element leakage in rice field - + was mainly NO3 -N. The concentration of NH4 -N in the leaking-water was 0.19~2.83mg/L in general; in the leaching - water of early rice growth, the content of NO3 -N reached high due to early cultivation of strawberry. In the rice early