对外汉语教学中平列关系关联词语研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 汉语的并列复句通常分为平列式和对列式两种,平列式是指复句的两部分 分别叙述或描写几件有联系的事情、几种情况或同一事物的几个方面,这两个 部分在句法结构上是平等的,不互相修饰或说明。平列式复句常用的关联词语 有:…既…又…,…既…也…,…又…又…,…也…也…,…一面…一面…,…一 边…一边…,…一方面…一方面…。 平列关系复句看似是各种关系复句中比较简单的一种,多种教学大纲把大 部分平列关系关联词语列为初级/甲级、乙级语法项目,大部分教材和教学语法 书对平列关系关联词语的处理也比较粗略。实际上,平列关系关联词语,尤其 是“…又…又…、…一边…一边…、…既…又…”等结构的语义关系、句法结 构、关联词语之间的异同关系都比较复杂。事实证明,留学生的使用情况并不 是很理想。 本文在考察、分析了留学生关于平列关系关联词语的使用情况以后,认为 教学语法描述不够细致和目的语规则泛化是造成留学生产生偏误的主要原因, 并针对偏误原因,对症下药,较为全面地辨析了几对留学生易混淆的关联词语, 细化了其教学语法描述,并调整了教学框架,以期对其语法教学、教材编写有 所帮助。 关键词:平列关系;关联词语;偏误分析;教学语法Abstract There are two kinds of coordinate complex sentences in Chinese: parallel and contrastive. Parallel complex sentences refer to the two parts of a sentence that describe or narrate one or several aspects of a single situation or thing, or several aspects of several things or situations. There remains a balance or equality within the syntactic structure of the sentence. The parallel correlatives are:“yi bian A,yi bian B”、 “you A,you B ”、 “ji A, you B”、“jiA,yeB”、 “yeA,yeB”、 “yi fang mian A,yi fang mian B”、and“yi mianA,yi mianB” parallel sentences appear to be very simple.Many course syllabuses outline parallel sentences as Primary/Class A,B grammatical items ,and the majority of teaching materials including textbooks give a very basic understanding of how to use them. In fact, the syntactic structure,semantic relations of them and the similarities and differences between related terms have much more complicated relationships Facts have proved that students who have studied such structures have not shown a satisfactory understanding of themAfter observing and analyzing students’ understanding of parallel sentences, this paper argues that current teaching methods, which describe detailed rules, are not sufficient to help students reach language targets and actually are the main reason behind producing such errors. It has differentiated and analysed several terms which students have easily confused, studied their educational frameworks and unders