小议英语句子的混合结构.docVIP

小议英语句子的混合结构 ? 在英语阅读中，我们经常遇到一些长句、难句。它们结构复杂，成分含糊，给英语阅读造成了极大障碍。这类句子往往包含从句或一些重要句型。由于主从句谓语相连，或由于包含句型的句子句式发生变化，或有成分省略，从而导致句子的结构难以认出，造成理解困惑。所以，在高三阶段应帮助学生走出误区，提高学生的识句断句能力。 现将常见混合结构归纳如下： 一、????????? 主句、定语从句谓语相连 1、The letter I was looking forward to reached me yesterday at last.我一直盼望的那封信昨天终于到了我手里。 分析：定语从句I was looking forward to的宾语是关系代词that/which（指代the letter）省略了，从而造成从句谓语was looking forward to和主句谓语reached相连。 2、Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.不仅他拥有的一切全都被没收了，而且他的德国公民权也被剥夺了。 分析：这是倒装结构的需要。其中he had是定语从句。正常语序为： Not only everything he had but also his German citizenship was taken away from him. 3、The studios which he started are still busy today, producing more and more interesting films.他开办的制片厂现今仍很忙碌，生产越来越多的有趣影片。 分析：which he started是定语从句，和主句谓语are still busy相连。 二、所含句型的句式发生变化 1、Whom did you have repair your watch? 你让谁给你修的手表？ 分析:把疑问句还原成陈述句结构，可以看出，考查句型为have sb. do sth. 2、The man told us the difficulty he had finding our house.老人告诉我们他费了很大劲才找到了我们的房子。 分析：定语从句的宾语为关系代词that/which（指代the difficulty）省略了，从句句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.发生变化，形成混合结构。 三、含有省略成分 1、Lincoln’s stepmother did what she could (do) to help him.林肯的继母竭尽所能来帮助他。 分析：宾语从句what she could（与谓语动词相同，省去了do）与主句目的状语to help him连在一起,导致could与to连用。 2、Those who want to can go for a walk around Aswan.那些想去阿斯旺大坝的人可以围绕阿斯旺参观。 针对这些混合结构特点，设计一些单选题，将混合环节挖去，形成填补项，来考查和提高学生的识句断句能力。 1. Such good chances all the students looked forward _____. A. to come B. to came C. to coming D. came 2. The theory that he had stuck _______ true A. to proved B. proved C. to proving D. to prove 3. The teacher suggested that the dictionary _____ to be bought without delay. A. refer B. referred C. referring D. should be referred 分析：这三道题的共同点是：在定语(从句)中都有介词to构成的固定词组look forward to, stick to, refer to,学生容易形成思维定势而错选C、C、D.实际上句1定语从句的宾语、关系代词that/which（指代such good chances）省略了。造成从句谓语 looked forward to和主句谓语came相连。句2定语从句的宾语是关系代词that（指代the theory）。从句谓语 h