医学微生物学课件--第34章主要病原性真菌.pptVIP

医学微生物学 第34章 主要病原性真菌 此类真菌一般存在于土壤和植物，经创伤部位侵入人体皮下组织。 一般只限局部， 也可引起深部感染。 包括:  申克孢子丝菌  * * 皮肤癣菌(Dermatophytes) 主要侵犯角化的皮肤、毛发和指（趾） 甲等浅部感染的真菌。引起皮肤癣病，包括手癣、足癣、甲癣、头癣、体癣等。包括表皮癣菌属、毛癣菌属、 和小孢子菌属三个属。 体癣（Tinea corporis） ：环行红斑， 边界水泡， 搔痒 Tinea corporis lesions on this patient’s abdomen due to the fungus Trichophyton rubrum. www.hudlegekontoret.no . Skin scrapings taken from patients in 10% KOH, and show hyphae under microscope. fungiqual-a.de Reverse side of 红色毛癣菌（T. rubrum） colony, showing deep red pigment www.hudlegekontoret.no Typical cigar shaped macroconidia of T. rubrum granular type. ? 2006 The University of Adelaide White, cottony surface 股癣（Tinea cruris）: “jock itch” infection of the groin, perianal area.(T rubrum is most frequently responsible) 指甲癣（Tinea unguium）: infection on the nails that thickened, crumbling and discolored. nails can be clipped and used for culture. Onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum. (From Hay RJ: Cutaneous and subcutaneous mycoses. In Anaissie EJ, McGinnis MR, Pfaller MA, editors: Clinical mycology, New York, 2003, Churchill Livingstone.) 糠秕bi马拉色菌引起的花斑癣Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor Typical depigmented lesions seen in dark-skinned individuals, for example in Australian Aborigines.(Pathogen: Malassezia furfur) ? 2006 The University of Adelaide 角层癣菌 Treatment: Local antifungal cream (咪康唑 miconazole) or oral伊曲康唑 itraconazole are effective. ? Prevention: 保持皮肤干燥， 远离患者及患病动物 第二节 皮下感染真菌 Classic lymphocutaneous form of sporotrichosis demonstrating a chain of subcutaneous nodules along the lymphatic drainage of the arm. (From Chandler FW, Watts JC: Pathologic diagnosis of fungal infections, Chicago, 1987, ASCP Press. Copyright 1987, American Society of Clinical Pathologists.) 申克孢子丝菌可引起孢子丝菌病 也可引起深部感染。 Sporothrix schenckii on Sabourauds dextrose agar grown at 25oC colonies are moist and glabrous, with a wrinkled and folded surface.? Pigmentation may vary from white to cream to black. ? 2006 The University of Ad