法国文化FrCul.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * FRENCH PHILOSOPHERS ?Bergson Comte Descartes Husser; Pascal Poincare Rousseau Voltaire Beaudrillard Bergson Derrida Foucault Lyotard Marcel Saussure Sartre “ The real political counterpoint in France is held by the intellectuals. They form a vocal class, creating a tension between the great man who claims to embody the nation and the stubborn individuality of the French. The French think of themselves as the most lucid of peoples, their language the true tongue of clarity. The French educational system gives great importance to the capacity to develop abstractions and to present them with elegance. Nowhere else do intellectuals rule so supreme. No other society bows before them so unquestioningly.” “Cuisine details matter enormously to the French, and they go to great efforts to make sure they are just right, whether it’s a swirl of cream on a pastry, the color of cloth on an old chair, or the seam of a dress. Parisians are not often hospitable, not because they don’t like inviting people into their homes, but because its takes so much trouble and expense to assure a perfect menu, with just the right wine, that few can manage very often. They would rather not have guests than entertain in a mediocre style.” THE SKEPTICAL MINDSET“Prove it” via science “Reject more than you accept” (focus on reasons not to believe) “Stick a pin in the balloon” Satirize belittle Intellectualize Skepticism lies behind why the French love to debate argue, especially with Americans, whom they perceive as “plastic” and unsophisticated. Skeptics love to point out where you are uninformed, misinformed, or idealistic. If pressed to profess what they believe in, skeptics will proudly answer, “I believe in nothing” (“rien”)--since there is no absolute “truth”. It’s no accident that the skeptical French popularized the 20th century philosophy of Existentialism whic