噬菌蛭弧菌对池塘养殖水质的影响.docVIP

 n 噬菌蛭弧菌对池塘养殖水质的影响 苏春分* （麒麟区水产站，云南曲靖 655000） 5 10 15 20 25 30 摘要：为了探讨噬菌蛭弧菌(Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus)在池塘养殖生产中的效果。向四大家 鱼与鲤鲫鱼混养池泼洒噬菌蛭弧菌，观察养殖池养殖水体的水温、pH、NH3-N、亚硝酸盐、 硫化氢等主要水质指标的变化及鱼的死亡情况。结果表明蛭弧菌制剂对养殖水体的主要水化 指标具有明显的改善作用,试验塘的 NH3-N、亚硝酸盐值显著低于对照塘(p0.01),而试验塘 与对照塘的硫化氢、pH 值差异不显著( P 0. 05)。在鱼病预防方面，蛭弧菌制剂使用后，能 有效预防草鱼的赤皮、烂鳃、和肠炎病，草鱼的发病率、死亡率明显下降。 关键词：噬菌蛭弧菌; 池塘养殖;水质 中图分类号：s964.3 Effect of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on the water quality of Pond Culture SU Chunfen (QILin district aquatic Station, Qujing, Yunnan 655000) Abstract: The experiment aimed to study the effect of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on water quality of pond Culture and fish disease control, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus was poured into the four major chinese carps and carp and auratus Mixed Cultivation pond ,and the changes of the water quality parameter such as pH content、H2S content NO2-content 、NH3 -N content and the death numbers of fish were studied. It was demonstrated that the main water quality indexes of the ponds could be remarkably improved by use of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. and also helped to accelerate the reduction of the content of NH3-N, NO2- , and H2S in the aquaculture water.The NH3 -N, NO2- in the experimenta groups were dramatically lower than those in the control groups(P 0. 01) , but the change of pH and H2S was not obvious ( p 0. 05) .On the aspects of prevent against fish disease, the use of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus helped to effectively prevent the red skin disease, gill disease and enteritis of Grass Carp . The incidence and mortality rate of Grass Carp was also reduced. Key words: Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus; pond Culture; water quality 0 引言 传统的池塘养殖模式以混养为主，养殖品种多、规格不同，通过轮捕轮放的手段，实现 高产；但由于投放大量的肥料及原料性饲料、草料等，池塘养殖水体底部常积累大量的残余 饵料、排泄废物、动植物残体、有害气体如氨气等物质，导致养殖水体自身污染日益严重， 使得养殖水域环境质量也日益下降,病害频发；抗生素及化学消毒药物的滥用又使养殖经济 动物抗病能力明显下降, 既不利于养殖动物的健康生长,也不符合健康养殖理念及可持续发 展的需要，严重阻碍了池塘养殖业的发展。因此,养殖水质调控技术已成为发展水产养殖的 一个关键技术,无毒无害的微生物控制方法便逐渐得到了重视,微生态制剂在水产养殖中的应 用越来越普遍。噬菌蛭弧菌( Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus ) 属蛭弧菌科，是一类具有独特噬菌 特