热解色谱研究沥青质，胶质.pdfVIP

摘 要 以热解色谱理论为基础,通过剖析辽河稠油中胶质，沥青质的色谱, 并与模型化合物的紫外吸收特征相比较,研究胶质和沥青质的化学结 构实验结果表明,芳香单片为辽河稠油中胶质，沥青质组分结构的最 基本单位胶质，沥青质的芳香单元结构——具有相似性,单元芳香片 中芳香环数以 3~4 个环为主,共轭芳香环的排列形式主要为“线性排 列”,,但胶质和沥青质的结构也存在着差异,即胶质中基本不含有多于 5 个环的共轭芳香片,而沥青质中含有少量多于 5 个环的共轭芳香片, 并且这些共轭芳香片有部分“面性排列”, 同时沥青质中的芳香结构所 占比例较大. 由此得出了胶质和沥青质可能的近似结构模型。 关键词: 胶质; 沥青质; 结构 ABSTRACT Plastic appliances give us a great deal of conveniences，at the same time, they also cause a problem called “white waste pollution”. It is a emergent task nowadays we confronting to dispose recycle and reuse these environmental pollutants as important resources. This thesis mainly focuses on the problem which people intimately concerned. We studied the method of using cheap waste polyethylene (PE) plastic products to produce oxidized polyethylene wax (PEW). Optimal thermal decomposition and oxidation conditions of different PE were studied. Acidic values of the product were tested. . Economic analysis of this technology was evaluated. Low molecular weight and near-white PEW can be high productively got from HDPE. Its soft point range between 80-110 ℃, molecular weight between 500-4000.Its soft point decreased as the prolonging of thermal decomposing time and rising of temperature. The decomposition temperature plays a main role. The molecular weight decreased quickly with the rising of heating temperature. The optimal temperature is between 360-400 ℃,under this condition the molecular weight was from 800 to 4000. The optimal oxidation temperature of PEW produced form industrial waste HDPE plastics is between 120-160 ℃ when the air/oxygen was used as oxidant. Under this condition the colour of the product is proper and its soft point is rela