[清华大学MBA资料]Class6.Applications of Motivation.pptVIP

Class 6.Applications of Motivation §6.1 Management by Objective A program that encompasses specific goals,particularly set,for an explicit time period,with feedback on goal progress MBO 4 ingredients:goal specificity,participative D-M,an explicit time period, performance feedback Converting overall organizational objectives into specific objectives for organizational units and individual members objectives cascade down through the organization: overall organizational,divisional,departmental, individual objectives Linking MBO and Goal-setting theory:specific hard goals.Area of possible disagreement---participation MBO In practice Class 6.Applications of Motivation §6.2 Behavior Modification A program where managers identify performance-related employee behaviors then implement an intervention strategy to strengthen desirable performance behaviors weaken undesirable performance behaviors OB Mod Emery Air Fright use containers 5-step problem-solving model: 1 identification of performance-related behaviors; 2 measurement of the behaviors; 3 identification of behaviors contingencies; 4 development implementation of an intervention strategy; 5 evaluation of performance improvement Reinforcement theory Class 6.Applications of Motivation §6.3 Employee Involvement A participative process that uses the entire capacity of employees is designed to encourage increased commitment to the organization’s success Examples of participative management:A process where subordinates share a significant degree of decision-making power with their immediate superior representative participation:workers participate in organizational decision making through a small group of representative employees Works councils: group of nominated or elected employees who must be consulted when management makes decisions involving personnel Board representatives:a form of representative parti