IMF-有针对性的透明度：采购和房地产受益所有权的部门方法（英）-2025.9-44页.pdf

TargetedTransparency:Sectoral

ApproachtoBeneficial

OwnershipinProcurementand

RealEstate

IvanaRossi,ChadyElKhoury,IndulekhaThomas,

LuisaMalcherek,MohammedJanahi

WP/25/181

IMFWorkingPapersdescriberesearchin

progressbytheauthor(s)andarepublishedto

elicitcommentsandtoencouragedebate.

TheviewsexpressedinIMFWorkingPapersare

thoseoftheauthor(s)anddonotnecessarily

representtheviewsoftheIMF,itsExecutiveBoard,

orIMFmanagement.

2025

SEP

©2025InternationalMonetaryFundWP/25/181

IMFWorkingPaper

LegalDepartment

TargetedTransparency:SectoralApproachtoBeneficialOwnershipinProcurementandRealEstate

PreparedbyIvanaRossi,ChadyElKhoury,IndulekhaThomas,LuisaMalcherek,MohammedAlJanahi*

AuthorizedfordistributionbyBrianPatterson

2025

IMFWorkingPapersdescriberesearchinprogressbytheauthor(s)andarepublishedtoelicit

commentsandtoencouragedebate.TheviewsexpressedinIMFWorkingPapersarethoseofthe

author(s)anddonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheIMF,itsExecutiveBoard,orIMFmanagement.

ABSTRACT:Identifyingthenaturalpersonwhoultimatelyownsorcontrolsanasset—knownasthebeneficial

owner—isakeytransparencymeasuretopreventmisuseforcriminalorunethicalpurposes.Thisisespecially

criticalinhigh-risksectors,wherevulnerabilitiesareamplifiedduringeconomicorexistentialcrises,suchas

financialbubblesorclimatechange.Whilemanycountriesareestablishingcentralizedbeneficialownership

registries—oftenlinkedtocommercialregistersforanti