高考复习语法宝典之非谓及特殊句式-共讲分词.pdfVIP

分词北京四中

一、种类

现在分词：表主动，表进行过去分词：表被动，表完成

二、形式

一般式：writing/beingwritten

完成式：havingwritten/havingbeenwritten

过分：written

否定式：notknowingwhattodo…

三、现在分词和过去分词的区别

1、时态上

1）现在分词表示动作正在进行2）过去分词表示动作已经完成

boilingwater,boiledwater

2、语态上：

1）现在分词表主动2）过去分词表被动

Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,Ifoundthecitysmall.

Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylookssmall.

四、成份

1、定语adevelopingcountry,boiledwater,surprisingnews

如果是单个分词，放在n.前aninterestingbook

如果是分词短语放在n.后,相当于一个定语从句

Theman(whois)sittingbythewindowisourteacher.

Thisisanovel(thatwas)writtenbyLuXun.

apuzzlingquestion/puzzledmother

thesurprisedvoice/expression/look

amanseatedthereagirldressedinred

amessagereading…,alettersaying…

2、表语

Thefilmismoving

Youriswelldone.

excite,surprise,move,please,inspire,puzzle,disappoint,frighten,

discourage,encourage,interest

I’minterestedintheinterestingbook.

I’mexcitedatwatchingtheexcitingmovie.

3、状语表时间、原因、方式和伴随状况

a）表时间：相当于时间状语从句

Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawawomanwalkinginthestreet.

WhenIlookedoutofthewindow,Isawawomanwalkinginthestreet.

b）表原因：相当于原因状语从句

Beingateacher,Imustworkhard.

ImustworkhardbecauseI’mateacher.

c）表伴随：方式或结果

Shestoodthere,waitingforabus.

Thestudentscamein,laughingandtalking.

Hecamein,followedbyagroupofstudents.

Hecameinfollowingagroupofstudents.

Hewentaway,leavingmespeechless.

Hewonthematch,makingeveryonehappy.

generally/frankly/strictlyspeaking,considering,judgingby/from,

supposing,takingeverythingintoaccount,concerning,compared

to/with独立成分，用来解释整句话。当固定短语用。

Generallyspeaking,housesinAmericaarebiggerthanhousesin

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