抗生素英语课件.ppt

AntibioticsAntibiotics

AntibioticsQuestionsbeforeroutinelyusageofantibioticsIsanantibioticindicated(viralinfection,fungalinfection,localinfectionHaveappropriatedspecimensobtained(Gramstain,acidfaststain,culture)Whatinfectionislikely;WhatorganismislikelyHandbookofantibiotics.Richard.ER

AntibioticsQuestionsbeforeroutinelyusageofantibioticsAntibiotics;Whatisbest;drugofchoice,pharmacokinetics,toxicology,cost,narrowspectrum,bactericidalorbacteriostaticCombinationtherapy(synergy,competition)Hostfactors(steroid,diabetes,HIV,uremia,livercirrhosis)Thebestrouteofadministration(oral,IV,IM,local)

AntibioticsQuestionsbeforeroutinelyusageofantibioticsAppropriatedose(elder,renalfailure,livercirrhosis,lowbodyweight)Modificationafterculturedatareturned(pneumonia:pneumococcus,Staphylococcus,Klebsiella,Hemophilus)Theoptimaldurationoftreatment(urinarytractinfection,pyelonephritis,renalabscess)Resistanceofdrug(vancomycin;linezolid)

AntibioticsGPC

AntibioticsGPC

AntibioticsGPB

AntibioticsGNB

AntibioticsGNB

AntibioticsAntibioticsBeta-lactamPenicillinCephalosporinMonobactamCarbapenemCephamycinAminoglycosidesTetracyclinesFluoroquinolonesLincosaminesMacrolidesGlycopeptidesNitroimidazolesAzolesPolyenes

AntibioticsBeta-lactamMonobactamAztreonamCarbapenemImipenemMeropenemCephamycinCefmetazoleFlomoxefBeta-lactamase-inhibitorClavunicacidAugmentinTimentinSulbactamUnasynTazobactamTazocin

AntibioticsOtherantibioticsAminoglycosidesGentamicinTobramycinIsepamicinAmikacinTetracyclinesTetracyclineMinocyclineDoxycyclineFluoroquinolonesOfloxacinLevofloxacinNorfloxacinCiprofloxacinLomefloxacinLincosamineClindamycin

AntibioticsOtherantibioticsMacrolidesErythromycinClarithromycinAzithromycinGlycopeptidesVancomycinTeicoplaninNitroimidazoleMetronidazoleAzolesKetoconazoleFluconazoleItraconazolePolyenesAmphotericinBNystatin

AntibioticsOtherantibioticsChloramphenicolChloramphenicolGyraseinhibitorsN