2023年考研英语真题和答案.pdfVIP

考研英语真题和答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreach

numberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWER

SHEET1.(10points)

By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshad

becomeindependentnations.Theroughly20millionofthese

nationslookedtothefuture.Borninthecrisisoftheold

regimeandIberianColonialism,manyoftheleadersof

independencetheidealsofrepresentativegovernment,

careerstotalent,freedomofcommerceandtrade,theto

privateproperty,andabeliefintheindividualasthebasisof

society.therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshouldbe

sovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobe

economicallyviableandintegratedbyasetoflaws.

Ontheissueofofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,,

therewaslessagreementtheleadership.RomanCatholicism

hadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyonebytheSpanish

crown.mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicismthe

officialreligionofthenewstates,somesoughttoendtheof

otherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurchbecamearallyingfor

theconservativeforces.

Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoften

egalitarian,valuingequalityofeverything.Bolivarhad

receivedaidfromHaitiandhadinreturntoabolishslaveryin

theareasheliberated.By1854slaveryhadbeenabolished

everywhereexceptSpain’scolonies.Earlypromisestoend

Indiantributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincame

muchbecausethenewnationsstillneededtherevenue

suchpolicies.Egalitariansentimentswereoftentemperedby

fearsthatthemassofthepopulationwasself-ruleand

democracy.

1.[A]natives

[B]inhabitants

[C]peoples

[D]individuals

2.[A]confusedly

[B]cheerfully

[C]worriedly

[D]hopefully

3.[A]shared

[B]forgot

[C]attained

[D]rejected

4.[A]related

[B]close

[C]open

[D]devoted

5.[A]access

[B]su