动词的时态语态复习学案.docxVIP

动词的时态语态复习学案 一、动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有 16 种时态，但是常用的有 9 种: (以 do 为例，S 表主语) 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在时 S+ do/does S+ am/is/are (not) (not)+... doing… S+ have/has (not) done… 过去时 S+ did (not) +… S+ was/were (not) doing… S+ had (not) done… 将来时 S+ will(not) + S+ will be (not) doing… S+ will (not) have do… done… 过去将 S+ should/would (not) + do… 来时 现在完 成进行 S+ have/has (not) been doing… 时 (一) 一般现在时用法: 1）、表示经常性、习惯性动作。句中常用 often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week, month, year)等时间状语。 (1). He goes to school every day. (2). They often come to school early. 2）、表示现在状态。 They are at home. (2). The old man is 76. 3）、表示客观真理。 The sun is bigger than the earth. 4）、在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 (1). If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. When I graduate, I will go to the countryside. (二) 一般过去时 用法: 、通常带有确定的过去时间状语，表示过去某时间发生的事，存在的状态。这些时间状语有：yesterday, last night(week, month, year), two days(weeks, months, years) ago, in 1970, just now 等. Did you see her just now? The First World War broke out in 1914. 、表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用”used to do 和 would do”。 (1) I used to smoke. (2). During the vacation I would swim in the sea. 在since 引导的时间状语从句中, 如果主句的谓语用现在完成时,那么 since 从句就要用一般过去时. You haven’t changed much since we last met. It has been over a year since I came back from the country. 其他句型 ①It was two months before I received his lesson. ②It will be two months before we meet again. ③It was ten o’clock when he arrived home. ④I didn’t know you were in Paris. (三) 一般将来时 表示将来的动作或状态 1、形式：一般将来时有如下几种表达方式1）、will/shall + V 原形 2）、be going to + V 原形 3）、be to + V 原形 、be about to + V 原形 、现在进行时表一般将来时 、一般现在时表一般将来时 2、用法: 1）、will/shall + V 原形,表单纯的将来. will 适用于任何人称, shall 仅限于第一人称. eg: (1) They will be back next week. (2). Don’t worry, I shall/will help you. be going to + V 原形, 表主观上打算做某事或表将要发生的事. eg: I am going to send these letters. be to + V 原形,表按计划进行或征求对方意见. eg: We are to meet at the station at five. be about to + V 原形,表即将发生的动作,通常不与时间状语连用. eg:① Look! The race is about to start. ②I am about to speak