（完整版）虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题[1].pdfVIP

（完整版）虚拟语⽓的⽤法及专项练习题[1] 虚拟语⽓的⽤法及专项练习题 虚拟语⽓表⽰⼀种假设的情况，或⼀种主观的愿望，即动词所表⽰的动 作或状态并⾮事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语⽓的形式有下列⼏种： ⼀.虚拟语⽓⽤于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should通常⽤于第⼀⼈称,would可⽤于任何⼈称,同时 也可根据意思⽤情态动词could,might等代替should,would。 If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. country. 3.与将来事实相反 If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语⽓ 当条件状语从句表⽰的⾏为和主句表⽰的⾏为所发⽣的时间不⼀致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表⽰的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home. 从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) 状语从句 1.⽅式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表⽰与现在事实相反,谓语动词⽤⼀般过去时;表⽰与过去事实相反,谓语动词⽤谓语动词⽤ 过去分词过去分词 表⽰与将来事实相反, 谓语动词⽤谓语动词⽤ 动词原形动词原形 。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常⽤陈述语⽓,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发⽣的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2. ⽬的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词⽤从句谓语动词⽤ may/might,can/could)+动词原形动词原形 。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词⽤(should)或或 动词原形动词原形 。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. ⼆.虚拟语⽓⽤于宾语从句 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可⽤陈述语⽓。 He insists that he is right. 注意:insist作作 ⼒⾔⼒⾔ 、、 强调强调解时,宾语从句不⽤虚拟语⽓。只有当insist 作作 坚持(应该应该 解时,宾语从句才⽤虚拟语⽓。例如: Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. I insisted that you give me my money back.I insisted that you give me my money back. 宾语从句宾语从句 表⽰不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为汉语可译为 可惜可惜 、、 就好了就好了 、、悔不该悔不该 、、但愿但愿 等。表⽰现在不能 实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词⽤过去式;表⽰将来不能实现的愿望,⽤⽤ 动词原形动词原形 表⽰过去不能实现的愿望, ⽤⽤ 过去分词过去分词 或或 过去分词过去分词 。例如: 注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表⽰