商务与经济统计(原书第14版)Ch22.pptxVIP

Statistics for Business and Economics (14e)Metric VersionAnderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, Cochran, Fry, Ohlmann? 2020 Cengage Learning? 2020 Cengage. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use.1 Chapter 22 - Sample Survey22.1 - Terminology Used in Sample Surveys 22.2 - Types of Surveys and Sampling Methods22.3 - Survey Errors22.4 - Simple Random Sampling22.5 - Stratified Simple Random Sampling22.6 - Cluster Sampling22.7 - Systematic Sampling2 Terminology Used in Sample Surveys (1 of 2)An element is the entity on which data are collected.A population is the collection of all elements of interest.A sample is a subset of the population.The target population is the population we want to make inferences about.The sampled population is the population from which the sample is actually selected.These two populations are not always the same.If inferences from a sample are to be valid, the sampled population must be representative of the target population.3 Terminology Used in Sample Surveys (2 of 2)The population is divided into sampling units which are groups of elements or the elements themselves.A list of the sampling units for a particular study is called a frame.The choice of a particular frame is often determined by the availability and reliability of a list.The development of a frame can be the most difficult and important steps in conducting a sample survey.4 Types of Surveys (1 of 2)Surveys Involving QuestionnairesThree common types are mail surveys, telephone surveys, and personal interview surveys.Survey costs are lower for mail and telephone surveys.With well-trained interviewers, higher response rates and longer questionnaires are possible with personal interviews.The design of the questionnaire is cr