商务与经济统计(原书第14版)Ch09.pptxVIP

Statistics for Business and Economics (14e)Metric VersionAnderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, Cochran, Fry, Ohlmann? 2020 Cengage Learning1? 2020 Cengage. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website or school-approved learning management system for classroom use. Chapter 9 - Hypothesis Tests9.1 - Developing Null and Alternative Hypotheses9.2 - Type I and Type II Errors9.3 - Population Mean: σ Known9.4 - Population Mean: σ Unknown9.5 - Population Proportion9.6 – Hypothesis Testing and Decision Making9.7 – Calculating the Probability of Type II Errors9.8 – Determining the Sample Size for a Hypothesis Test about a Population Mean9.9 – Big Data and Hypothesis Testing2 Hypothesis TestingHypothesis testing can be used to determine whether a statement about the value of a population parameter should or should not be rejected.The null hypothesis, denoted by H0 , is a tentative assumption about a population parameter.The alternative hypothesis, denoted by Ha, is the opposite of what is stated in the null hypothesis.The hypothesis testing procedure uses data from a sample to test the two competing statements indicated by H0 and Ha.3 Developing Null and Alternative Hypotheses (1 of 4)It is not always obvious how the null and alternative hypotheses should be formulated.Care must be taken to structure the hypotheses appropriately so that the test conclusion provides the information the researcher wants.The context of the situation is very important in determining how the hypotheses should be stated.In some cases it is easier to identify the alternative hypothesis first. In other cases the null is easier.Correct hypothesis formulation will take practice.4 Developing Null and Alternative Hypotheses (2 of 4)Alternative Hypothesis as a Research HypothesisMany applications of hypothesis tes