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动物世界里的你争我斗第1页/共15页 Ex Situ Conservation has to take into accountBiological factors of the speciesBreeding systemsProduction of seedsNature of seedsSeed size and volume第2页/共15页 Managing the FGR genebanks Collecting Monitoring storage conditions Viability monitoring Regeneration and multiplication, Characterization and evaluation Documentation and information Distribution for use第3页/共15页 Field genebanks (FGB)/Arboreta/Ex Situ stands Some problems Damaged by natural calamities Infection Neglect or abuse Substantial no. of individual genotypes Require more space Relatively expensive to maintain However? Provide easy ready access Alternative methods are yet to be developed Major role for perennial speciesConservation of Plants第4页/共15页 Seed collection ? At least 150 trees if their relationship is unknownSeed should be collected from at least 25 randomly chosen and supposedly unrelated individualsAim for final stand size of 500-1500 individuals or more The different numbers are based on population genetic considerationsConservation of Plants – FGB (contd.)第5页/共15页 Important considerations ? Establishment of seedlings? Sampling techniques? Number of plants? Security of site? Replication/duplication? Adaptation? Size of the plot? Pests and diseases/natural calamities? Isolation? Ease of accessConservation of Plants – FGB (contd.)第6页/共15页 Conservation of Tissues/Cells Difficult-to-conserve species Recalcitrant seeds Vegetatively propagated Large seeds? For some species the only option Cryopreservation ? Rapid progress made Great potential for conservation In vitro conservation: security, availability cost第7页/共15页 For the long?term conservation of shoot cultures? Cryopreservation in LN2 becoming availableOther rolesDistribution of germplasm Collecting of samples from the fieldNeed to keep culture growth to? Minimum or arrestedConservation of Tissues/Cells (contd.)第8页/共15页 Ways to achieve slow growthUse of immature zygotic embryos (not for vegetatively
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