张勇先《经济学专业英语教程（第四版·下）》Unit 2.pptVIP

Unit 2 Text: Population（人口） 1. Key words2. Importance of the size and type of population3. Labor force4. Unemployment and employment5. Natural increase of population6. Questions 1. Key wordsskilled peoplehigher paid occupationprofessional trainingpayment in kindrent-free accommodationfactor incomephysical and mental worktransfer incomeunemployment benefitsTransfer paymentownership of propertyprevious generationsspecialized skillstrade uniontertiary industrypossession of assets income size 2. Importance of the size and type of population2.1 As a market for goods and services2.2 The population provides the members of the workforce 2.1 As a market for goods and servicesAll members of the population are consumers in some form or other, and the number of consumers who must share the foods and services available has profound effects on the individual’s standard of living and on the economy itself. 2.2 The population provides the members of the workforceThe workforce is only a part of the total population. Combined with other resources, the workforce produces most of the goods and services required by the entire population. To a large extent, the size of the population affects the size of the workforce. The larger the available workforce the greater the potential for production, but it is not numbers alone which make for an efficient and effective workforce. The larger the population the greater the number of consumers, which usually means that a larger workforce is needed in order to supply their needs. 3. Labor force3.1 Definition of labor force3.2 Factors affecting labor force 3.1 Definition of labor forceLabor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed.Labor is one of the country’s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community. 3.