高考语法复习不定式.pptxVIP

高考语法复习不定式会计学第1页/共28页动词不定式的时态和语态主动形式被动形式一般式进行式完成式否定形式to be doneto do to be doingto have doneto have been donenot to do复合结构for sb to dofor sb to do第2页/共28页To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语动词不定式I want to see you this evening. 宾语All you have to do is to finish it quickly.表语We found a house to live in. 定语 状语She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 宾补第3页/共28页1. 动词不定式作主语( Subject)：①To see is to believe . To lose heart means failure. ②It’s a good habit to get up early.③It’s necessary for us to drink water as often as possible.注：1.动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2.如果动词不定式太长，常把it用作形式主语。第4页/共28页句型1：It + 谓语 + to doeg: It takes us an hour to get there by bus.句型2：It’s + n. + to doeg: It’s our duty to help the poor.句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.注：for/of sb to do sth 为不定式复合结构。eg: It’s very kind of you to help me.第5页/共28页2.不定式作表语My job is to help the patient .The only thing I can do is to study hard.第6页/共28页作表语的不定式带to与不带to:作表语的不定式通常带to，当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定式作表语可省to。The only thing I can do is (to) wait.All you have to do is (to) press the button.第7页/共28页1). 其主语多为抽象名词(wish, need)eg: My wish is to be a scientist. The main thing is to keep our room clean.2). 不定式to let, to blame主动表被动.eg: The house is to let. The driver is to blame for this accident.3). be to do可构成将来时态,表 “准备/打算/计划/需要”; eg: She is to return next week. It was about to leave when it started to rain.第8页/共28页3. 动词不定式作宾语：e.g. I promise to finish the homework on time.hope, wish, want, promise, agree, decide , plan , refuse, manage, determine, fail, hurryI find it interesting to work with him .He felt it a hard task to finish it on time.注：1 .有些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。 2 .不定式作宾语，如果后面带有宾补时，用it作为 形式宾语，不定式后置第9页/共28页4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语：want, ask, teach, promise, tell, allow, permit, forbid, advise, persuade; order; invite The teacher advised us to read every morning.注：但感官动词(see, observe, hear, find ...)，使役动词(make, let, have)后省略 to作宾补，在被动语态中加回to。I noticed him leave.=He was noticed to leave by me.第10页