专题04 句子成分2-定状补语 -2022年初升高英语衔接宝典.docxVIP

优点英语 句子成分-定状补语 01宾语补足语 在复合宾语结构中,因为只有宾语,句子的意思不完整,因此宾语补足语对宾语进行进一步的补充说明。这样宾语补足语的位置一般就在宾语后面。 常见结构：主语＋谓语十宾语十宾语补足语 They elected John Monitor.他们选举John为班长。 （选举的对象是John,选举的结果是 Monitor.那么Monitor 就是宾语补足语。） We call him Iron Ox.我们称呼他为“铁牛”。 （称呼的对象是him,称呼的结果是“铁牛”。那么,“铁牛”就是宾语补足语。） 一.主语十谓语十宾语＋动词不定式 1.带to的不定式 The teacher asks us to work hard.老师要求我们努力学习。 He wants me to help him.他想让我帮助他。 The doctor warned him not to smoke.医生告诫他不 要吸烟。 【拓展】 带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词及短语有： ask, tell, like, want, invite, order, warn, wish, advise, beg, get, allow, want, encourage; wait for, call on, depend on, care for, long for 2.不带to的不定式 I often hear him sing in his room.我经常听见他在房间里唱歌。 He often makes us laugh.他经常令我们大笑。 【拓展】 带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： make, let, have; feel, listen to, hear, look at, see, watch, notice 3.可带to也可不带to的不定式 She often helps her mother (to) do some housework. 她经常帮她妈妈做家务。 二.主语＋谓语＋宾语十现在分词 1.I found the old man lying dead on the road.我发现 那位老头躺在路上死了。 2.When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by a kind old woman.他醒来时,发现一位慈祥的老妇人在照顾着他。 三.主语＋谓语＋宾语十过去分词 1.We saw the road covered with snow.我们看见路上覆盖着雪。 2.Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.因为没有电,所以许 多城镇和村庄都断了水。 四.主语＋谓语＋宾语十形容词 1.I found the boy very clever.我发现那男孩很聪明。 2.He pushed the door open.他把门推开。 五.主语十谓语十宾语十名词 1.We called it Mimi.我们叫它咪咪。 2.They named the baby Beibei.他们给这个婴儿起名为“贝贝”。 六.主语＋谓语十宾语十介词短语 1.She always keeps everything in good order.她总是 把一切东西都放得整整齐齐。 2.This left them without a ray of hope.这使他们失 去了一切希望。 七.主语十谓语＋宾语＋副词 1.He found his teacher out when he called on him.他去拜访他的老师时,发现老师不在家。 2.I won＇t let you in.我是不会让你进去的。 【提醒】有时候宾语补足语可以放在宾语前面。 The two thieves forced open Room 102.那两个贼撞 开了102房间的门。（其中 Room 102是宾语,open是宾语补足语） He let fly his arrow.他射出了箭。（其中 his arrow是宾语,fly是省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语） 随堂练习 一.指出下列句子中的宾语补足语 1.We made Tom monitor. 2.We will make our country more beautiful. 3.You should keep your dog in. 4.I found him in Room 201. 5.He makes us work ten hours a day. 6.we heard her singing in the